Variation in the Breeding System of Prunella vulgaris L.
Variation in the Breeding System of Prunella vulgaris L.
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DOI：
10.21273/hortsci.46.5.688
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发表时间：
2011-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Qu;M. Widrlechner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Qu;M. Widrlechner
夏枯草（Lamiaceae），俗称自愈，是一种多年生草本植物，在传统医学中有着悠久的使用历史。最近的研究发现，P. vulgaris具有抗炎、抗病毒和抗菌的特性，这可能会导致对该物种的商业需求增加。到目前为止，关于黄菖蒲栽培和遗传的研究文献很少。利用不同地理区域的原始资料，通过观察袋装花和离体植物的花形态、花粉释放时间和自交结实率的变化，对该植物的繁殖系统进行了研究。在30份材料中发现了两种类型的花形态，一种是伸出的花柱，从上面看时延伸过去开放的花冠，另一种是短的，插入的花冠。原产亚洲的2个条目统一展示了施加风格，27个条目有插入风格。一株来自俄勒冈州的植株在单株间表现出这一性状的变异。显微观察发现，7株花柱均在花开放前释放一定程度的花粉，其中既有伸出花柱，也有插入花柱。利用套袋花，我们发现8个材料的自结实率差异很大，从6%到94%不等。然而，套袋可能低估了某些品种的结实率。当我们在隔离网箱中对单株和未袋装植株进行评估时，使用袋装花的两个品种的结实率最低，分别提高了350%和158%。自结实率为6%的嫁接套袋后也产生了花柱。这些研究结果表明，狐猴的交配系统可能处于进化变化的过程中，了解繁殖系统的变化将有助于制定有效的种子再生方案和该物种的育种和选择策略。
Prunella vulgaris (Lamiaceae), commonly known as selfheal, is a perennial herb with a long history of use in traditional medicine. Recent studies have found that P. vulgaris possesses anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial properties, and it is likely that this will lead to increased commercial demand for this species. To date, research publications on P. vulgaris cultivation and genetics are scarce. Using accessions originally collected from different geographical regions, we investigated the breeding system of this species by observing variation in floral morphology, time of pollen release, and selfed-seed set in bagged flowers and isolated plants. Two types of floral morphology, one with exerted styles, extending past open corollas when viewed from above, and the other with shorter, inserted styles, were found among 30 accessions. Two accessions originally collected from Asia uniformly displayed exerted styles, and 27 accessions had inserted styles. One accession from Oregon displayed variation in this trait among individual plants. Microscopic observation of seven accessions, including ones with both exerted and inserted styles, revealed that they all release pollen to some degree before the flowers open. Using bagged flowers, we found that selfed-seed set varied widely among eight accessions, ranging from 6% to 94%. However, bagging may underestimate seed set for some accessions. The two accessions with the lowest rates when using bagged flowers increased in seed set by 350% and 158%, respectively, when we evaluated single, unbagged plants in isolation cages. The accession with 6% selfed-seed set when bagged also had exerted styles. These findings suggest that mating systems in P. vulgaris may be in the process of evolutionary change and that understanding breeding-system variation should be useful in developing efficient seed-regeneration protocols and breeding and selection strategies for this species.