Effect of dicyandiamide and polymer coated urea applications on N2O, NO and CH4 fluxes from Andosol and Fluvisol fields
Effect of dicyandiamide and polymer coated urea applications on N2O, NO and CH4 fluxes from Andosol and Fluvisol fields
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DOI：
10.1080/00380768.2015.1028103
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
H. Akiyama;Y. Uchida;Kanako Tago;Y. Hoshino;Y. Shimomura;Yong Wang;M. Hayatsu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Akiyama;Y. Uchida;Kanako Tago;Y. Hoshino;Y. Shimomura;Yong Wang;M. Hayatsu
摘要土壤类型影响增效肥料降低一氧化二氮(N2O)和一氧化氮(NO)排放的效果，但其效果尚未得到很好的研究。在蒸渗计田间条件下，测定了增效肥和常规肥料(尿素)在两种不同土壤上的N2O、NO和甲烷(CH4)排放通量。甘蓝型油菜。春、秋两季分别进行了1.5个月的栽培试验。分别在春季和秋季对硝化抑制剂双氰胺(DCD)和聚合物包膜尿素(CU)进行了试验。春季，与尿素相比，DCD能有效减少安多沙土中N2O和NO的排放，但对氟化感土中的N2O和NO排放影响不大。硝化作用可能是安多沙土中N2O和NO的一个更重要的产生过程。这种N2O和NO生产过程的差异被推测为DCD仅在安多索尔有效减少N2O和NO排放的主要原因。在安多沙土中，DCD的产量尺度N2O排放量比尿素低63%，但在Fluvisol中没有观察到差异。在安多索尔的秋季，与尿素相比，CU增加了N2O的排放，但对NO的排放没有差异。在Fluvisol中，CU不能有效降低N2O和NO的排放。安多索对CH4的吸收显著高于氟维索尔。肥料类型对两种土壤对CH4的累积吸收均无影响。结果表明，DCD和CU降低N2O和NO排放的效果因土壤不同而不同，这是因为这些气体的主要产生过程因土壤而异。
Abstract Soil type influences the effectiveness of enhanced-efficiency fertilizers in reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) emissions, although the effect has not been well studied. We measured N2O, NO and methane (CH4) fluxes after the application of enhanced-efficiency fertilizers and conventional fertilizer (urea) in two contrasting soils, an Andosol and a Fluvisol, in lysimeter fields. Brassica rapa var. perviridis L.H.Bailey (komatsuna) was cultivated for 1.5 months in spring and in autumn. A nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), and polymer coated urea (CU) were tested in the spring and autumn experiments, respectively. In spring, DCD was effective in reducing N2O and NO emissions in the Andosol but not in the Fluvisol, compared with urea. Nitrification was likely to be a more important production process for N2O and NO in the Andosol than in the Fluvisol. This difference in N2O and NO production processes was inferred to be the main reason why DCD effectively reduced N2O and NO emissions only in the Andosol. Yield-scaled N2O emission for DCD was lower by 63% than for urea in the Andosol, but no difference was observed in the Fluvisol. In autumn in the Andosol, CU increased N2O emission compared with urea, but no difference was observed for NO emissions. In the Fluvisol, CU was not effective in reducing N2O and NO emissions. CH4 uptake from the Andosol was significantly higher than that from the Fluvisol. Fertilizer type had no effect on cumulative CH4 uptake in either soil. Our results showed that the effectiveness of DCD and CU in reducing N2O and NO emissions varied with soil because the main production processes of these gases varied with soil.