Recent Progress in the Implementation of AMI Projects: Standards and Communications Technologies
Recent Progress in the Implementation of AMI Projects: Standards and Communications Technologies
复制标题
AMI 项目实施的最新进展：标准和通信技术
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. García
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. García
智能电网的概念被设想为电网(发电、输电和配电)与电力公用事业的通信网络的集成。虽然传统的通信接口、协议和标准在电网中以孤立的方式使用，但现代通信网络被认为是智能电网环境中的基本使能技术。新兴的通信技术、协议架构和标准有助于构建通用通信网络基础设施，用于在客户驻地、变电站、配电系统、公用事业控制中心和公用事业数据中心之间传输数据。智能电网将支持监控和数据采集(SCADA)、配电自动化(DA)、能源管理系统(EMS)、需求点管理(DSM)和自动抄表(AMR)等传统应用，以及先进计量基础设施(AMI)、变电站自动化(SA)、微电网、分布式发电(DG)、电网监测和控制、数据存储和分析等新应用。为了实现这一点，智能电网需要一个在不同分散区域之间的双向广域通信网络，从发电到消费场所。自动抄表系统利用通信技术实现智能电表每天多次抄表，获取用电数据，并几乎实时地将停电报警信息和电表篡改信息从电表发送到控制中心。目前，有多种通信技术来实现AMI系统。本文概述了可用于使用光纤、扩频射频、微波、WiMAX、Wi-Fi、ZigBee、蜂窝和电力线载波等不同传输介质来实现诸如邻域局域网(NAN)、现场局域网(FAN)和广域网(WAN)等AMI通信基础设施的最相关的通信技术。此外，还审查了目前在世界各地实施的各种非政府组织项目的进展情况，以及到2020年项目完成的理想状态。
The Smart Grid concept has been conceived as the integration of the electrical grid (generation, transmission and distribution) and the communications network of an electric utility. Although, traditional communications interfaces, protocols and standards has been used in the electrical grid in an isolated manner, modern communications networks are considered as the fundamental enabling technologies within a Smart Grid environment. Emerging communications technologies, protocol architectures and standards can help to build a common communications network infrastructure for data transport between customer premises, power substations, power distribution systems, utility control centers and utility data centers. The Smart Grid will support traditional applications such as supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), distribution automation (DA), energy management systems (EMS), demand site management (DSM) and automated meter reading (AMR), etc., as well as new applications like advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), substation automation (SA), microgrids, distributed generation (DG), grid monitoring and control, data storage and analysis, among others. To make this possible, the Smart Grid requires a two-way wide area communications network between different dispersed areas, from generation to consumer premises. An AMI system uses communication technologies for smart meter reading several times a day to get data consumption of electricity, as well as sending outage alarm information and meter tampering almost in real time, from the meter to the control center. Currently, there are various communication technologies to implement AMI systems. This paper presents an overview of the most relevant communications technologies that can be used to implement AMI communications infrastructure such as neighborhood area networks (NAN), field area networks (FAN) and wide area networks (WAN) using different transmission media such as fiber optics, spread spectrum radio frequency, microwave, WiMAX, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, cellular, and power line carrier. In addition, a review of the current state of progress in the implementation of various AMI projects around the world and the desired state for projects completion by the year 2020 is also presented.