Deeper habitats and cooler temperatures moderate a climate-driven seagrass disease
Deeper habitats and cooler temperatures moderate a climate-driven seagrass disease
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2022.0016
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发表时间：
2023-03-27
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Harvell, Drew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham, Olivia J. J.;Stephens, Tiffany;Harvell, Drew
鳗草在全球范围内创造了重要的沿海栖息地，并作为基础海草履行了重要的生态系统功能。气候变暖和疾病威胁着鳗草，导致大量死亡和连锁生态影响。潮下草甸比潮间带更深，也可能为温度敏感的海草消耗性疾病提供庇护。通过对从阿拉斯加到华盛顿的 5761 片鳗草叶进行跨境调查，并借助机器语言算法，我们测量了爆发情况。 2017 年和 2018 年夏季，潮下叶的疾病患病率比潮间叶的患病率低 16%；在这两个潮汐区，较凉爽条件下的植物患病风险较低。即使在环境更加稳定、不受潮间带鳗草常见的温度和其他应激源影响的潮下草甸中，我们也观察到疾病水平很高，其中一半地点的患病率超过 50%。模型预测在较冷的条件下疾病的患病率和严重程度会降低，证实了疾病与温度之间的强烈相互作用。在这两个潮汐区，鳗草较茂密的草甸中患病率较低，这表明在健康、密度较高的草甸中疾病受到抑制。这些结果强调了较冷地区的潮下鳗草和草甸作为避难所的价值，表明降温可以抑制疾病，并对未来气候变化情景下的鳗草保护和管理具有影响。本文是“变化世界中的传染病生态学和进化”主题的一部分。
Eelgrass creates critical coastal habitats worldwide and fulfills essential ecosystem functions as a foundation seagrass. Climate warming and disease threaten eelgrass, causing mass mortalities and cascading ecological impacts. Subtidal meadows are deeper than intertidal and may also provide refuge from the temperature-sensitive seagrass wasting disease. From cross-boundary surveys of 5761 eelgrass leaves from Alaska to Washington and assisted with a machine-language algorithm, we measured outbreak conditions. Across summers 2017 and 2018, disease prevalence was 16% lower for subtidal than intertidal leaves; in both tidal zones, disease risk was lower for plants in cooler conditions. Even in subtidal meadows, which are more environmentally stable and sheltered from temperature and other stressors common for intertidal eelgrass, we observed high disease levels, with half of the sites exceeding 50% prevalence. Models predicted reduced disease prevalence and severity under cooler conditions, confirming a strong interaction between disease and temperature. At both tidal zones, prevalence was lower in more dense eelgrass meadows, suggesting disease is suppressed in healthy, higher density meadows. These results underscore the value of subtidal eelgrass and meadows in cooler locations as refugia, indicate that cooling can suppress disease, and have implications for eelgrass conservation and management under future climate change scenarios.This article is part of the theme issue 'Infectious disease ecology and evolution in a changing world'.