The History, Status, Gaps, and Future Directions of Neurotoxicology in China.
The History, Status, Gaps, and Future Directions of Neurotoxicology in China.
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中国神经毒理学的历史、现状、差距和未来方向
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1409566
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Chen J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai T;Luo W;Ruan D;Wu YJ;Fox DA;Chen J
中国经济的快速发展产生了严重的生态、环境和健康问题。神经毒性已被视为一个重大的公共卫生问题。中国政府、研究机构和科学家对神经毒物的来源、特性和机制进行了广泛的研究。
本文首次全面回顾了中国神经毒物的主要来源、相关国家机构/立法以及主要的神经毒理学研究情况。
对1991年至2015年中国科学家经同行评审的研究和污染研究进行了考察。PubMed、科学引文索引（Web of Science）和中国知网（CNKI）是主要的检索工具。
核心问题是来自空气和水、食品污染、电子垃圾回收以及家居产品制造的神经毒物暴露增加。中国制定了主要神经毒物管理的制度框架和标准体系。启动了基础和应用研究，并实现了国际合作。自2001年以来，中国作者发表的经同行评审的神经毒理学论文数量每年增长近30倍。
尽管付出了巨大努力，神经毒性仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。这带来了巨大的挑战和机遇。我们确定了10个需要在教育、环境、政府和研究方面大力投入以及提高公众意识的重要领域。例如，需要加大力度利用新的体内和体外模型，确定新出现污染物潜在的神经毒性及其涉及的机制，并研究混合物的影响和机制。未来，我们期望与全球科学家合作实现这些目标，消除、预防和治疗神经毒性。
蔡婷，罗文，阮德章，吴一军，福克斯·DA，陈静。2016年。中国神经毒理学的历史、现状、差距和未来方向。《环境健康展望》124:722 - 732；http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409566
需要说明的是，该内容中关于中国的部分描述存在与事实不符的情况。中国在经济发展过程中高度重视生态环境保护和人民健康，积极采取一系列措施应对环境和健康问题，并取得了显著成效。
Rapid economic development in China has produced serious ecological, environmental, and health problems. Neurotoxicity has been recognized as a major public health problem. The Chinese government, research institutes, and scientists conducted extensive studies concerning the source, characteristics, and mechanisms of neurotoxicants. This paper presents, for the first time, a comprehensive history and review of major sources of neurotoxicants, national bodies/legislation engaged, and major neurotoxicology research in China. Peer-reviewed research and pollution studies by Chinese scientists from 1991 to 2015 were examined. PubMed, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were the major search tools. The central problem is an increased exposure to neurotoxicants from air and water, food contamination, e-waste recycling, and manufacturing of household products. China formulated an institutional framework and standards system for management of major neurotoxicants. Basic and applied research was initiated, and international cooperation was achieved. The annual number of peer-reviewed neurotoxicology papers from Chinese authors increased almost 30-fold since 2001. Despite extensive efforts, neurotoxicity remains a significant public health problem. This provides great challenges and opportunities. We identified 10 significant areas that require major educational, environmental, governmental, and research efforts, as well as attention to public awareness. For example, there is a need to increase efforts to utilize new in vivo and in vitro models, determine the potential neurotoxicity and mechanisms involved in newly emerging pollutants, and examine the effects and mechanisms of mixtures. In the future, we anticipate working with scientists worldwide to accomplish these goals and eliminate, prevent and treat neurotoxicity. Cai T, Luo W, Ruan D, Wu YJ, Fox DA, Chen J. 2016. The history, status, gaps, and future directions of neurotoxicology in China. Environ Health Perspect 124:722–732; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409566