Metabolic engineering of rice endosperm for betanin biosynthesis
Metabolic engineering of rice endosperm for betanin biosynthesis
复制标题
水稻胚乳甜菜苷生物合成代谢工程
DOI：
10.1111/nph.16323
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Peng, Ri-He
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tian, Yong-Sheng;Fu, Xiao-Yan;Peng, Ri-He
甜菜素作为一种添加剂已经被广泛使用了几个世纪，由于其作为添加剂的市场应用，高清除自由基活性，以及安全、促进健康的特性，其使用量不断增加。甜菜素的主要来源是红甜菜，但许多因素显著影响从红甜菜中提取甜菜素的产量。谷类中不会产生甜菜碱。因此，开发甜菜素生物强化作物是健康食品添加剂的另一种选择。在这里，通过引入三个合成基因(Melos、BvDODA1S和BvCYP76AD1S)，对水稻胚乳进行了甜菜素生物合成的生物工程。这些基因在水稻胚乳特异启动子的驱动下过表达，在胚乳中建立了甜菜素的生物合成途径，产生了新的种质--‘甜菜素水稻’(BR)。BR籽粒富含甜菜素，具有较高的抗氧化活性。我们的结果证明，通过在甜菜素生物合成途径中引入三个基因，可以在水稻胚乳中从头合成甜菜素。本研究中的甜菜碱强化大米可以作为保健功能谷物，也可以作为加工膳食补充剂的原料。
Betanin has been widely used as an additive for many centuries, and its use has increased because of its market application as an additive, high free radical scavenging activity, and safety, health-promoting properties.The main source of betanin is red beet, but many factors notably affect the yield of betanin from red beets. Betanin is not produced in cereal grains. Thus, developing biofortified crops with betanin is another alternative to health-promoting food additives.Here, rice endosperm was bioengineered for betanin biosynthesis by introducing three synthetic genes (meloS, BvDODA1S, and BvCYP76AD1S). The overexpression of these genes driven by rice endosperm-specific promoter established the betanin biosynthetic pathways in the endosperm, resulting in new types of germplasm - 'Betanin Rice' (BR). The BR grains were enriched with betanin and had relatively high antioxidant activity.Our results proved that betanin can be biosynthesized de novo in rice endosperm by introducing three genes in the committed betanin biosynthetic pathway. The betanin-fortified rice in this study can be used as a functional grain to promote health and as a raw material to process dietary supplements.