Economic and Fiscal Implications of Aging for Subnational American Governments
Economic and Fiscal Implications of Aging for Subnational American Governments
复制标题
老龄化对美国地方政府的经济和财政影响
DOI：
10.1300/j031v12n04_03
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
W. Serow
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Serow
本文首先简要回顾了工业化社会人口老龄化的宏观经济后果的大量文献，并将这个问题置于美国政治和经济框架的背景下。接下来，我们将讨论人口老龄化对国家以下各级政府单位的财政影响。不同的人口来源的老龄化，然后介绍和审查其经济影响。人口老龄化在国家以下各级财政影响的背景下的作用首先通过审查与老年人口相关的州政府提供的公共产品和服务的需求变化模式来研究。这些措施主要包括保健和收入保障。这些支出方面的考虑随后延伸到州以下政府，在州以下政府，中小学教育很容易成为公共预算的最大组成部分。最后，人口变化对国家和地方公共财政收入方面的影响，包括对销售，财产和所得税收入的潜在影响。
Abstract This article begins with a brief review of the extensive literature dealing with the macroeconomic consequences of population aging in industrialized societies and places the question in the context of the political and economic framework of the United States. Next, we move to the fiscal ramifications of population aging for subnational units of government. The varying demographic sources of aging are then introduced and their economic implications are reviewed. The role of population aging within the context of subnational fiscal impacts is first examined by reviewing patterns of change in demand for state-government-provided public goods and services associated with an older population. These include primarily health care and income security. These considerations on the expenditure side are then extended to substate government, where primary and secondary educations are easily the largest component of public budgets. Finally, the implications of demographic change on the revenue side of state and local public finances are considered, including potential impacts on sales, property, and income tax receipts.