Bubbles in live-stranded dolphins
Bubbles in live-stranded dolphins
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2011.1754
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发表时间：
2012-04-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Wells, R. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dennison, S.;Moore, M. J.;Wells, R. S.
过饱和组织和血液中的气泡出现在搁浅在声纳演习附近的突吻鲸身上，在海豚死后被捕获，然后被拖到水面。为了评估活体海豚的气泡，用B型超声扫描了活体搁浅和捕获释放海豚的肝脏、肾脏、眼睛和鲸脂-肌肉界面。气体被确定在22个活搁浅海豚的21个肾脏和22个肝门静脉血管系统中的2个。9只随后死亡或被安乐死，并通过计算机断层扫描和尸检证实了气泡的存在，13只被释放，其中除2只外，其余所有动物均未重新绞合。在浅水健康评估期间，在20只活的野生海豚中没有检测到气泡。过饱和血液和组织的排气是气泡最可能的来源。与海洋哺乳动物在野外反复潜水相反，搁浅的动物无法通过潜水重新压缩，因此可能会保留气泡。由于大多数搁浅的海豚没有重新搁浅，这也表明轻微的气泡形成是可以容忍的，不会导致临床上显着的减压病。
Bubbles in supersaturated tissues and blood occur in beaked whales stranded near sonar exercises, and post-mortem in dolphins bycaught at depth and then hauled to the surface. To evaluate live dolphins for bubbles, liver, kidneys, eyes and blubber-muscle interface of live-stranded and capture-release dolphins were scanned with B-mode ultrasound. Gas was identified in kidneys of 21 of 22 live-stranded dolphins and in the hepatic portal vasculature of 2 of 22. Nine then died or were euthanized and bubble presence corroborated by computer tomography and necropsy, 13 were released of which all but two did not re-strand. Bubbles were not detected in 20 live wild dolphins examined during health assessments in shallow water. Off-gassing of supersaturated blood and tissues was the most probable origin for the gas bubbles. In contrast to marine mammals repeatedly diving in the wild, stranded animals are unable to recompress by diving, and thus may retain bubbles. Since the majority of beached dolphins released did not re-strand it also suggests that minor bubble formation is tolerated and will not lead to clinically significant decompression sickness.