Tumor-derived spheroids: Relevance to cancer stem cells and clinical applications.
Tumor-derived spheroids: Relevance to cancer stem cells and clinical applications.
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DOI：
10.1111/cas.13155
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Okamoto K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ishiguro T;Ohata H;Sato A;Yamawaki K;Enomoto T;Okamoto K
最近，已经开发了许多类型的体外3D培养系统，以重现癌症的体内生长条件。癌症3D培养方法旨在比传统的2D单层培养更好地保留原始肿瘤的生物学特征，包括肿瘤源性类器官、肿瘤源性球体、器官型多细胞球体和多细胞肿瘤球体。3-D培养方法在癌细胞来源、细胞处理方案和所需时间间隔方面有所不同。肿瘤源性球状体是独特的，因为它们旨在富集癌症干细胞（CSC）或具有干细胞相关特征的细胞。这些球状体作为漂浮球体生长，并已用作替代系统，以评价体外实体瘤的CSC相关特征。由于CSC与癌细胞的恶性性质（如致瘤性或化疗耐药性）相关，因此根除CSC可能具有临床重要性，因此对肿瘤源性球体的研究可能为抗癌提供宝贵的线索。已经从包括神经胶质瘤、乳腺癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌和前列腺癌的癌症中建立了球状体培养物，并且许多研究小组已经研究了它们的生物学和生化特性。除了研究CSC外，肿瘤源性球状体可能被证明有助于高通量筛选平台或培养循环或体液中发现的CSC相关肿瘤细胞。
Recently, many types of in vitro 3‐D culture systems have been developed to recapitulate the in vivo growth conditions of cancer. The cancer 3‐D culture methods aim to preserve the biological characteristics of original tumors better than conventional 2‐D monolayer cultures, and include tumor‐derived organoids, tumor‐derived spheroids, organotypic multicellular spheroids, and multicellular tumor spheroids. The 3‐D culture methods differ in terms of cancer cell sources, protocols for cell handling, and the required time intervals. Tumor‐derived spheroids are unique because they are purposed for the enrichment of cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cells with stem cell‐related characteristics. These spheroids are grown as floating spheres and have been used as surrogate systems to evaluate the CSC‐related characteristics of solid tumors in vitro. Because eradication of CSCs is likely to be of clinical importance due to their association with the malignant nature of cancer cells, such as tumorigenicity or chemoresistance, the investigation of tumor‐derived spheroids may provide invaluable clues to fight against cancer. Spheroid cultures have been established from cancers including glioma, breast, colon, ovary, and prostate cancers, and their biological and biochemical characteristics have been investigated by many research groups. In addition to the investigation of CSCs, tumor‐derived spheroids may prove to be instrumental for a high‐throughput screening platform or for the cultivation of CSC‐related tumor cells found in the circulation or body fluids.