Scientific Opinion on bluetongue serotype 8 EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare
Scientific Opinion on bluetongue serotype 8 EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare
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DOI：
10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2189
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wierup, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Vannier, Philippe;Hartung, Joerg;Wierup, Martin
为了回答欧盟委员会提出的关于蓝舌病病毒 (BTV) 血清型 8 (BTV-8) 与其他血清型相比的潜在特殊性及其对该疾病流行病学可能产生的影响的问题，动物健康和福利小组成立的工作组进行了系统的文献综述。目前，BTV-8可以被赋予三个特殊功能，即能够在牛和山羊中引起严重疾病的能力、经胎盘传播的能力以及污染精液的能力。改良活病毒（MLV）疫苗的几种血清型和一些细胞培养/卵传代菌株也观察到经胎盘传播和精液污染。这两个特征可能会对该疾病的流行病学产生影响，因为它们可能会增加 BTV-8 在冬季生存的能力，例如，当怀孕奶牛在深秋被感染并在下一个病媒季节产下病毒血症后代时，或者通过人工授精 (AI) 用冷冻污染精液感染受体母牛。此外，BTV-8传播的机会可能会通过血清阳性但病毒阴性的怀孕动物的移动而增加，这可能会产下病毒血症的小牛，或者通过自然交配或人工授精，使用BTV-8污染的精液从精液传播到接收母畜。现行立法提供了有效措施，确保所有母畜在授精或交配前对BTV具有免疫力，因此其后代不存在后续经胎盘感染的风险。此外，怀孕动物的活动受到有效限制。需要更多的研究来确定 BTV-8 是否比其他 BTV 血清型更有可能发生口腔传播和/或通过胚胎移植传播。 (C) 欧洲食品安全局，2011 年
To answer a question from the European Commission on the potential special characteristics of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 8 (BTV-8) compared to other serotypes and their possible impact on the epidemiology of the disease, a systematic literature review was carried out by a working group established by the Animal Health and Welfare Panel. Currently, three special features can be assigned to BTV-8, which are the ability to cause serious disease in cattle and goats, the ability to be transmitted transplacentally, and the ability to contaminate semen. The transplacental transmission and the contamination of semen are also observed for several serotypes of modified live virus (MLV) vaccines and for some cell culture/egg passaged strains. These two features may have an impact on the epidemiology of the disease, since they may increase the ability of BTV-8 to survive the winter period, for example, when pregnant cows are infected in late autumn and give birth to viraemic offspring in the next vector season, or, through infecting the recipient dam via artificial insemination (AI) with frozen contaminated semen. Furthermore, the chance of BTV-8 spread may be increased either through movement of seropositive but virus negative pregnant animals, which may give birth to viraemic calves, or through natural mating or AI using BTV-8 contaminated semen by transmission from semen to receiving dam. The current legislation provides effective measures to ensure that all dams are immune to BTV before insemination or mating, so there is no subsequent risk of transplacental infection of their offspring. Furthermore, pregnant animals are effectively restricted in their movement. More research is needed to determine whether oral transmission and/or transmission through embryo transfer are more likely to occur for BTV-8 than for other BTV serotypes. (C) European Food Safety Authority, 2011