Participatory Resource Monitoring as a Means for Promoting Social Change in Yunnan, China
Participatory Resource Monitoring as a Means for Promoting Social Change in Yunnan, China
复制标题
参与式资源监测作为促进中国云南社会变革的一种手段
DOI：
10.1007/s10531-005-8377-y
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Jinfeng Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. V. Rijsoort;Jinfeng Zhang
最近的国际森林政策刺激社区参与森林管理，作为改善生物多样性保护和当地生计质量的战略。当地人在监测森林资源方面的作用也日益得到认可。本文介绍了由中国云南两个自然保护区内和毗邻的 12 个村庄（各 6 个）的代表开发和实施的参与式资源监测 (PRM) 系统。短期目标是监测资源和野生动物丰富度、资源利用、野生动物对农作物的损害以及土地利用。村监测组主要采用的方法有：（1）森林徒步观察、（2）村庄访谈、（3）市场调查。全年实施监测，配合村民日常工作。自然保护区或林业局的工作人员每年都会访问村庄几天来提供支持。结果表明，参与式监测是村民参与自主管理行动的宝贵工具。我们讨论监控如何也是一个可能导致社会变革的过程。根据叙述，我们建议参与式监测可以在利益相关者之间建立信任，改变观念和态度，并导致更加民主和透明的决策。在讨论准确性时，我们认为所有利益相关者根据不同的世界观、知识体系、价值观和信仰对自然有不同的感知和解释。我们认为，如果参与式监测要可持续，基于社区的监测——最好与科学监测和巡逻相联系——应该被设计为一种话语机构，其中建立社会资本和参与者间学习的过程极其重要。最后，我们简要回顾了扩大参与式监测的努力。
Recent international forest policies stimulate involvement of communities in forest management as a strategy to improve biodiversity conservation and the quality of local livelihoods. Increasingly, the role of local people in monitoring forest resources is also acknowledged. This paper presents a participatory resources monitoring (PRM) system developed and implemented by representatives of 12 villages, six each within and adjacent to two nature reserves in Yunnan, China. The short-term objectives are to monitor resource and wildlife abundance, resource use, wildlife damage to crops, and land use. Main methods used by the village monitoring team are: (1) observation through forest walk, (2) village interview, and (3) market survey. Monitoring is implemented throughout the year to fit in the daily work of villagers. Staff from the nature reserve or forestry bureau provide support by visiting the villages several days per year. Results indicate that participatory monitoring is a valuable tool for villagers to engage in self-owned management actions. We discuss how monitoring is also a process which could lead to social change. Based on narratives we suggest that participatory monitoring builds trust between stakeholders, changes perceptions and attitudes and leads to more democratic and transparent decision-making. In discussing accuracy, we argue that all stakeholders perceive and interpret nature differently based on different worldviews, knowledge systems, values and beliefs. We argue that if participatory monitoring is to be sustainable, community-based monitoring – preferably linked to scientific monitoring and patrolling – should be designed as a discursive institution where the process of building social capital and inter-actor learning is extremely important. Finally, we briefly reflect upon efforts to scale up participatory monitoring.