Prethermalization and Thermalization in Isolated Quantum Systems
Prethermalization and Thermalization in Isolated Quantum Systems
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevx.9.021027
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发表时间：
2019-05-09
影响因子：
12.5
通讯作者：
De Roeck, Wojciech
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mallayya, Krishnanand;Rigol, Marcos;De Roeck, Wojciech
在接近可积的系统中，预热化被广泛研究。我们提出了一个更一般的，但概念上更简单，这种现象的设置。我们考虑一个可能不可积参考动力学，弱扰动，使扰动打破至少一个守恒律的参考动力学。然后，我们认为，该系统的演变收益通过中间（广义）平衡态的参考动力学。平衡态流形上的运动由一个自治方程控制，在g（-2）阶时间内流向全局平衡，其中g是扰动强度。我们还描述了与时间相关的参考平衡态，这是，在一般情况下，阶g的领先修正。该理论在模型哈密顿量的数值计算中得到了很好的证实，为此，我们使用了一个数值连接的集群扩展和全精确对角化。
Prethermalization has been extensively studied in systems close to integrability. We propose a more general, yet conceptually simpler, setup for this phenomenon. We consider a-possibly nonintegrable-reference dynamics, weakly perturbed so that the perturbation breaks at least one conservation law of the reference dynamics. We argue then that the evolution of the system proceeds via intermediate (generalized) equilibrium states of the reference dynamics. The motion on the manifold of equilibrium states is governed by an autonomous equation, flowing towards global equilibrium in a time of order g(-2), where g is the perturbation strength. We also describe the leading correction to the time-dependent reference equilibrium state, which is, in general, of order g. The theory is well confirmed in numerical calculations of model Hamiltonians, for which we use a numerical linked cluster expansion and full exact diagonalization.