Holistic Strategies Lead to Enhanced Efficiency and Stability of Hybrid Chemical Vapor Deposition Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules
Holistic Strategies Lead to Enhanced Efficiency and Stability of Hybrid Chemical Vapor Deposition Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/aenm.202300153
复制
发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
27.8
通讯作者：
Guoqing Tong;Jiahao Zhang;Tongle Bu;L. Ono;Congyang Zhang;Yuqiang Liu;Chenfeng Ding;Tianhao Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guoqing Tong;Jiahao Zhang;Tongle Bu;L. Ono;Congyang Zhang;Yuqiang Liu;Chenfeng Ding;Tianhao Wu
混合化学气相沉积(HCVD)是一种很有前途的可大规模制备钙钛矿型太阳电池/组件(PSCS/PSM)的方法。然而，基于HCVD的钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率仍然落后于溶液处理的PSCS/PSM。揭示了HCVD过程中SnO2电子传输层的氧损失及其对太阳电池器件性能的负面影响。作为对策，引入氨基酸钾(H_2KNO3S)作为钝化层，既缓解了SnO2的氧损失问题，又钝化了钙钛矿薄膜中未配位的Pb2+。同时，以N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)为溶剂，通过形成PbI2·NMP中间相来溶解PbI2，大大降低了HCVD过程中钙钛矿形核的能垒。采用钙钛矿晶种进一步调节了钙钛矿晶体生长的动力学，改善了晶体尺寸。得到的太阳能电池的最佳功率转换效率为21.98%(0.09cm2)，稳定的输出性能为21.15%，微型组件的功率转换效率为16.16%(22.4cm2，稳定输出性能为14.72%)和12.12%(91.8cm2)。此外，未封装的小面积器件具有出色的工作稳定性，T80寿命超过4000小时。
Hybrid chemical vapor deposition (HCVD) is a promising method for the up‐scalable fabrication of perovskite solar cells/modules (PSCs/PSMs). However, the efficiency of the HCVD‐based perovskite solar cells still lags behind the solution‐processed PSCs/PSMs. In this work, the oxygen loss of the electron transport layer of SnO2 in the HCVD process and its negative impact on solar cell device performance are revealed. As the counter‐measure, potassium sulfamate (H2KNO3S) is introduced as the passivation layer to both mitigate the oxygen loss issue of SnO2 and passivate the uncoordinated Pb2+ in the perovskite film. In parallel, N‐methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is used as the solvent to dissolve PbI2 by forming the intermediate phase of PbI2•NMP, which can greatly lower the energy barrier for perovskite nucleation in the HCVD process. The perovskite seed is employed to further modulate the kinetics of perovskite crystal growth and improve the grain size. The resultant solar cells yield a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.98% (0.09 cm2) with a stable output performance of 21.15%, and the PCEs of the mini‐modules are 16.16% (22.4 cm2, stable output performance of 14.72%) and 12.12% (91.8 cm2). Furthermore, the unencapsulated small area device shows an outstanding operational stability with a T80 lifetime exceeding 4000 h.