Foreword: Advances in Astronomy Special Issue on Testing the Gaussianity and Statistical Isotropy of the Universe
Foreword: Advances in Astronomy Special Issue on Testing the Gaussianity and Statistical Isotropy of the Universe
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前言：天文学进展测试宇宙高斯性和统计各向同性特刊
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Shandera
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Huterer;E. Komatsu;S. Shandera
在过去的几年里，人们对测量功率谱之外的原始波动的统计数据感到兴奋。对数据中的高斯性和统计各向同性进行精确测试的新想法正在与广泛的新理论可能性的建议同时发展。从观测和理论来看，很明显，即将到来的测量具有巨大的发现潜力。统计各向同性和均匀性的孪生原理是获得现代宇宙学最重要结果的关键因素。例如，通过这些假设，天空中不同方向的温度和密度波动可以被平均，从而导致我们今天对宇宙学参数的精确约束。然而，我们的宇宙为什么必须遵守这些原则，并没有根本的理由。统计各向同性和均匀性开始使用宇宙微波背景（CMB）和大尺度结构数据进行尖锐的测试。最近，在这些领域有特别的活动，考虑到威尔金森微波各向异性探测器的显着地图，结合声称的大角度“异常”表明偏离统计各向同性的标准暴胀模型预测。原始曲率波动在CMB测量的尺度上接近高斯的说法非常精确，但并没有透露太多关于它们的来源。目前对波动的三点相关函数的振幅的限制比单场慢卷暴胀模型的预测高出近四个数量级，比原始谱确定后发展的非线性所预期的高出至少一个数量级。有很多有趣的模型可以通过收紧这个约束来排除;相反，非高斯性的检测将排除单场慢卷暴胀。虽然目前对宇宙微波背景辐射涨落的观测为暴胀子涨落的原始来源提供了相当有力的证据，但只有高阶统计量的测量才能真正揭示暴胀的物理学。统计各向同性和高斯性的描述涉及一组丰富的可观测量，具有不同的特征，可以使用复杂的统计方法在CMB或大尺度结构中测量。这些签名携带着关于
The last few years have seen a surge in excitement about measurements of statistics of the primordial fluctuations beyond the power spectrum. New ideas for precision tests of Gaussianity and statistical isotropy in the data are developing simultaneously with proposals for a wide range of new theoretical possibilities. From both the observations and theory, it has become clear that there is a huge discovery potential from upcoming measurements. The twin principles of statistical isotropy and homogeneity are a crucial ingredient in obtaining most important results in modern cosmology. For example, with these assumptions temperature and density fluctuations in different directions on the sky can be averaged out, leading to accurate constraints on cosmological parameters that we have today. Nevertheless, there is no fundamental reason why these must be obeyed by our universe. Statistical isotropy and homogeneity are starting to be sharply tested using the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and large-scale structure data. Recently, there has been particular activity in these areas, given Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe’s remarkable maps, combined with claims of large-angle ’anomalies’ indicating departures from statistical isotropy as predicted by standard inflationary models. The statement that primordial curvature fluctuations are nearly Gaussian on scales measured by the CMB is remarkably precise, but doesn’t reveal much about their source. Current constraints on the amplitude of the three-point correlation function of fluctuations are nearly four orders of magnitude above predictions from single field slow-roll inflation models and at least an order of magnitude above what is expected just from non-linearities that develop after the primordial spectrum is laid down. There is a wide spectrum of interesting models that can be ruled out by tightening this constraint; conversely, a detection of non-Gaussianity would rule out single field slow-roll inflation. While current observations of the CMB fluctuations provide reasonably strong evidence for a primordial source of fluctuations from inflaton, only measurements of higher order statistics can truly shed light on the physics of inflation. Departures from statistical isotropy and Gaussianity involve a rich set of observable quantities, with diverse signatures that can be measured in the CMB or in large-scale structure using sophisticated statistical methods. These signatures, which carry information about
影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Komatsu, E.;Smith, K. M.;Wright, E. L.
通讯作者：
Wright, E. L.
DOI：
10.1088/0004-637x/704/1/672
发表时间：
2009-08
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
Myung-Kook Jee;P. Rosati;H. Ford;K. Dawson;C. Lidman;S. Perlmutter;R. Demarco;V. Strazzullo;C. Mullis;H. Böhringer;R. Fassbender
通讯作者：
Myung-Kook Jee;P. Rosati;H. Ford;K. Dawson;C. Lidman;S. Perlmutter;R. Demarco;V. Strazzullo;C. Mullis;H. Böhringer;R. Fassbender