Mating systems in cooperative breeders: the roles of resource dispersion and conflict mitigation
Mating systems in cooperative breeders: the roles of resource dispersion and conflict mitigation
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合作饲养者的交配系统：资源分散和冲突缓解的作用
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arr218
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
S. Balshine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Wong;L. Jordan;S. Marsh;S. St;Jennifer O. Reynolds;K. Stiver;J. K. Desjardins;J. Fitzpatrick;S. Balshine
在动物社会中，交配系统变异的生态和社会基础可能与资源分散、繁殖者之间的性冲突以及非繁殖者的影响有关。在这里，我们进行了大规模的调查合作繁殖慈鲷，新亮丽鲷，一个物种，表现出一夫一妻制和一夫多妻制的人口内的交配系统的演变。使用长期的现场数据，我们发现，一夫多妻制群体的空间聚集，并举行了较大的竞争力上级男性比一夫一妻制群体，支持资源分散的作用。为了探索性冲突的作用，我们强迫一夫多妻制的男性在野外实验性地实行一夫一妻制（EM）。EM男性花更多的时间在其剩余的领土比自然一夫多妻制的男性，但在其他方面没有改变行为或生理。女性交配EM男性进行更多的顺从行为，并在被迫选择的实验中，女性没有优先与两个未交配的男性中较大的。因此，雌性可能会因为与一个体型大、竞争力强的上级雄性进行一夫一妻制交配而产生意想不到的代价，这种代价可以缓解交配系统中的性冲突。在一夫一妻制的群体中，帮手的关系更为密切，但在一夫一妻制或一夫多妻制下，帮手的行为并没有不同。因此，辅助者似乎既不受繁殖者交配系统的影响，也不影响繁殖者的交配系统。我们的研究结果表明，资源的可用性和冲突缓解的作用，在确定交配系统，并强调实验操作的重要性，揭示隐藏的成本假设交配模式。关键词：合作育种，交配制度，一夫一妻制，一夫多妻制，资源分散，性冲突。[Behav Ecol]
Within animal societies, the ecological and social underpinnings of mating system variation can be related to resource dispersion, sexual conflict between breeders, and the effects of non-breeders. Here, we conducted a broad-scale investigation into the evolution of mating systems in the cooperatively breeding cichlid, Neolamprologus pulcher, a species that exhibits both monogamy and polygyny within populations. Using long-term field data, we showed that polygynous groups were more spatially clustered and held by larger competitively superior males than were monogamous groups, supporting the role of resource dispersion. To explore the role of sexual conflict, we forced polygynous males to become experimentally monogamous (EM) in the field. EM males spent more time on their remaining territory than naturally polygynous males but otherwise did not change behaviorally or physiologically. Females mated to EM males performed more submissive acts, and in a forced choice experiment, females did not preferentially associate with the larger of two unmated males. Females may therefore incur an unexpected cost from mating monogamously with a large and competitively superior male, a cost that mitigates sexual conflict over the mating system. Helpers were more closely related in monogamous groups but did not behave differently under monogamy or polygyny. Helpers therefore seem neither to be affected by nor affect the mating system of breeders. Our results demonstrate the roles of resource availability and conflict mitigation in determining the mating system, and highlight the importance of experimental manipulation for revealing hidden costs of hypothetical mating patterns. Key words: cooperative breeding, mating system, monogamy, polygyny, resource dispersion, sexual conflict. [Behav Ecol]