From first- to third-generation biofuels: challenges of producing a commodity from a biomass of increasing complexity.
From first- to third-generation biofuels: challenges of producing a commodity from a biomass of increasing complexity.
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DOI：
10.2527/af.2013-0010
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Lavoie, J. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, R. A.;Lavoie, J. M.
本文描述了生物燃料的三种分类：(1)第一代生物燃料（包括乙醇和生物柴油，主要来自甘蔗或玉米）与通常可食用的生物质直接相关；(2)第二代生物燃料被定义为由多种不同原料生产的燃料，从木质纤维素原料（如农业和森林残留物）到城市固体废物；(3)目前，第三代生物燃料与藻类生物量有关，但在一定程度上可能与利用二氧化碳作为原料有关。扩大第二代和第三代生物燃料工艺需要坚实的经济效益，这直接依赖于依赖于燃料（商品）生产的优化碳利用，以及高价值的副产品。生物燃料的未来可能不会仅仅依赖于一代人，而可能是三代人的结合，以应对由于世界石油资源枯竭而导致的全球需求的增加。
This paper describes three classifications of biofuels: (1) First-generation biofuels (including ethanol and biodiesel, mostly from sugarcane or maize) are directly related to a biomass that is generally edible; (2) Second-generation biofuels are defined as fuels produced from a wide array of different feedstock, ranging from lignocellulosic feedstocks (such as agricultural and forest residues) to municipal solid wastes; and (3) Third-generation biofuels are, at this point, related to algal biomass but could to a certain extent be linked to utilization of CO2 as feedstock. Scaling second and third-generation biofuel processes requires solid economics that are directly dependent on optimized carbon utilization that relies on the production of fuels (commodities), as well as high value co-products. The future of biofuels may not rely solely on one generation, but may be a combination of the three generations to cope with increased worldwide demand as a result of depletion in the world's oil resources.