Molecular Characterization of Atmospheric Organic Aerosol by Mass Spectrometry
Molecular Characterization of Atmospheric Organic Aerosol by Mass Spectrometry
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-anchem-061516-045135
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kerecman, Devan E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johnston, Murray V.;Kerecman, Devan E.
大气气溶胶是悬浮在我们呼吸的空气中的颗粒物，对我们的健康和环境产生强烈的影响。控制空气中颗粒物的数量是困难的，因为有许多方法可以通过自然和人为过程形成颗粒物。我们通过化学成分测量来洞察颗粒物的来源。大气气溶胶的很大一部分是有机的，这种有机物质在分子水平上极其复杂，包括分布在气相和颗粒相之间的数百到数千种单独的化合物。由于这种复杂性，没有一种单一的分析技术是足够的。然而，由于其高灵敏度和分子特异性的结合，质谱学发挥着至关重要的作用。本文综述了在分子水平上利用质谱学来表征大气有机气溶胶的各种方法，追溯了这些方法从最初到目前的实践，并重点介绍了当前和新兴的研究领域。课程涵盖了离线和在线两种方法，并在确定来源和阐明粒子形成的潜在化学机制的背景下讨论了与它们的分子测量。如果我们要进一步提高我们对如何减轻颗粒物对健康和环境的有害影响的知识，就需要不断改进现有的技术并开发新的技术。
Atmospheric aerosol, particulate matter suspended in the air we breathe, exerts a strong impact on our health and the environment. Controlling the amount of particulate matter in air is difficult, as there are many ways particles can form by both natural and anthropogenic processes. We gain insight into the sources of particulate matter through chemical composition measurements. A substantial portion of atmospheric aerosol is organic, and this organic matter is exceedingly complex on a molecular scale, encompassing hundreds to thousands of individual compounds that distribute between the gas and particle phases. Because of this complexity, no single analytical technique is sufficient. However, mass spectrometry plays a crucial role owing to its combination of high sensitivity and molecular specificity. This review surveys the various ways mass spectrometry is used to characterize atmospheric organic aerosol at a molecular level, tracing these methods from inception to current practice, with emphasis on current and emerging areas of research. Both offline and online approaches are covered, and molecular measurements with them are discussed in the context of identifying sources and elucidating the underlying chemical mechanisms of particle formation. There is an ongoing need to improve existing techniques and develop new ones if we are to further advance our knowledge of how to mitigate the unwanted health and environmental impacts of particles.