Geographical variation in body size of a pelagic seabird, the streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas
Geographical variation in body size of a pelagic seabird, the streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas
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远洋海鸟（条纹海鸥 Calonectris leucomelas）体型的地理差异
DOI：
10.1111/jbi.12654
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Yoshinari Yonehara and Akinori Takahashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takashi Yamamoto;Hiroyoshi Kohno;Akira Mizutani;Ken Yoda;Sakiko Matsumoto;Ryo Kawabe;Shinichi Watanabe;Nariko Oka;Katsufumi Sato;Maki Yamamoto;Hisashi Sugawa;Kiyotaka Karino;Kozue Shiomi;Yoshinari Yonehara and Akinori Takahashi
一般来说，在温带地区，恒温动物的种族往往在较高的纬度显示较大的身体大小，而较小的身体往往在较低的纬度，一个模式被称为伯格曼规则（或詹姆斯规则的种内模式）。这种身体大小的地理变化的适应基础主要是由热量守恒假说解释的。伯格曼规则的应用主要在陆生类群中得到证实，而对海洋类群的研究很少。我们的目的是检查是否在一个远洋海鸟物种的身体大小的种内变异（条纹剪水Calonectris leucomelas）遵循Bergmann/James规则。位置条纹剪水的八个不同繁殖群体，北纬24-39°（大约是物种的整个纬度范围）和123-方法对454只成年条纹剪翅鹬的形态特征进行了测定。主成分分析用于创建一个复合体尺指数为每个性别从每个群体使用测量的性状，并比较第一主成分的值。体型指数与纬度、经度和平均气温之间的关系采用广义线性models.ResultsBody大小与纬度和经度呈正相关，与平均气温呈负相关。纬度和经度与气温高度相关。尽管如此，殖民地之间，被认为是饲料在大面积的人口似乎表现出较小的身体尺寸比那些低纬度population.Main conclusionThe的整体趋势的身体尺寸的条纹剪水的地理变化遵循伯格曼/詹姆斯的规则，这表明这一规则可能适用于海鸟。然而，除了体温调节适应，觅食特性与当地海洋环境的种内差异也可能影响高度移动的海鸟的体型。
AimIn general, within temperate latitudes, races of endotherms tend to show larger body size at higher latitudes, while smaller bodied ones tend to be found at lower latitudes, a pattern known as Bergmann's rule (or James's rule for intra‐specific patterns). The adaptive basis of this geographical variation in body size is explained mostly by the heat conservation hypothesis. Application of Bergmann's rule has been confirmed mostly among terrestrial taxa and studies of marine taxa are rare. Our aim was to examine whether the intra‐specific variation in body size of a pelagic seabird species (streaked shearwaterCalonectris leucomelas) follows Bergmann's/James's rule.LocationEight different breeding colonies of the streaked shearwater,ranging from 24–39° N in latitude (approximately the full latitudinal range of the species) and 123–142° E in longitude.MethodsWe measured morphological traits of 454 adult streaked shearwaters in total. Principal components analysis was used to create a composite body size index for each sex from each colony using the measured traits, and the value of first principal component was compared. The relationships between body size index and latitude, longitude and the averaged mean air temperature were examined using generalized linear models.ResultsBody size was positively correlated with latitude and longitude, and negatively correlated with the mean air temperature. Latitude and longitude were highly correlated with air temperature. Nonetheless, between colonies, populations that are considered to forage over large areas appeared to exhibit smaller body size than those of lower latitude populations.Main conclusionThe overall trend of the geographical variations in body size of streaked shearwaters followed Bergmann's/James's rule, suggesting that this rule may be applicable to seabirds. However, in addition to thermoregulatory adaptation, intra‐specific differences in foraging characteristic in relation to local marine environment might also affect the body size in highly mobile seabirds.