Recent progress on lipid lateral heterogeneity in plasma membranes: From rafts to submicrometric domains.
Recent progress on lipid lateral heterogeneity in plasma membranes: From rafts to submicrometric domains.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plipres.2015.12.004
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Tyteca D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carquin M;D'Auria L;Pollet H;Bongarzone ER;Tyteca D
被称为脂筏的瞬时纳米结构域的概念引起了人们对重新评估细胞膜流体双层的Singer-Nicholson模型的有效性的兴趣。然而，这一新的观点仍然不足以解释细胞表面脂质多样性或膜变形性的控制。在过去的十年中，一些脂质形成大（亚微米/中尺度与纳米筏）和稳定（>分钟与秒）的膜结构域的假设已经出现，主要是基于间接方法。形态学证据稳定的亚微米脂质结构域，公认的人工和高度专业化的生物膜，进一步报道了各种活细胞从原核生物到酵母和哺乳动物细胞。然而，基于现有荧光工具的局限性、使用不良脂质固定剂以及由于未分辨膜投影导致的成像伪影，结果仍受到质疑。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论最近的证据，使用强大的和创新的方法，如脂质特异性毒素片段，支持亚微米域的存在。我们将整合这些领域的形成和维持所涉及的机制，并提供一个关于它们与膜变形性和膜蛋白分布调节相关性的观点。
The concept of transient nanometric domains known as lipid rafts has brought interest to reassess the validity of the Singer-Nicholson model of a fluid bilayer for cell membranes. However, this new view is still insufficient to explain the cellular control of surface lipid diversity or membrane deformability. During the past decade, the hypothesis that some lipids form large (submicrometric/mesoscale vs nanometric rafts) and stable (> min vs sec) membrane domains has emerged, largely based on indirect methods. Morphological evidence for stable submicrometric lipid domains, well-accepted for artificial and highly specialized biological membranes, was further reported for a variety of living cells from prokaryotes to yeast and mammalian cells. However, results remained questioned based on limitations of available fluorescent tools, use of poor lipid fixatives, and imaging artifacts due to non-resolved membrane projections. In this review, we will discuss recent evidence generated using powerful and innovative approaches such as lipid-specific toxin fragments that support the existence of submicrometric domains. We will integrate documented mechanisms involved in the formation and maintenance of these domains, and provide a perspective on their relevance on membrane deformability and regulation of membrane protein distribution.