Indoor particulate matter in rural, wood stove heated homes.
Indoor particulate matter in rural, wood stove heated homes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2015.02.005
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Ward, Tony J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Semmens, Erin O.;Noonan, Curtis W.;Allen, Ryan W.;Weiler, Emily C.;Ward, Tony J.
环境颗粒物 (PM) 暴露会对公众健康产生不利影响，但评估美国农村家庭使用木材作为取暖燃料的室内 PM 浓度的研究有限。我们的目标是表征室内 PM 质量和颗粒物数量浓度 (PNC)，量化室外 PM 渗透到室内环境中的情况，并研究美国西北部和阿拉斯加 96 个使用柴火炉作为主要供暖来源的家庭的浓度和渗透的潜在预测因素。在一项随机试验的干预前冬季的两个四十八小时采样周期中，我们评估了六种尺寸分数（0.30–0.49、0.50–0.99、1.00–2.49、2.5–5.0、5.0–10.0、10.0+ μm）的 PM 质量（< 2.5 μm）和 PNC（颗粒/cm3）。第一个采样期间的每日平均 (sd) PM2.5 浓度为 28.8 (28.5) μg/m3，第二个采样期间为 29.1 (30.1) μg/m3。在重复测量分析中，家庭收入与 PM2.5 和较小规模的 PNC 呈负相关，尤其如此。一天中的时间是室内和室外 PM2.5 浓度的重要预测因素，渗透效率相对较低 (Finf (sd) = 0.27 (0.20))。我们的研究结果表明，这些燃木房屋中的平均 PM 浓度相对较高，并提出了改善农村环境室内空气质量和健康的干预措施的潜在目标。
Ambient particulate matter (PM) exposures have adverse impacts on public health, but research evaluating indoor PM concentrations in rural homes in the United States using wood as fuel for heating is limited. Our objectives were to characterize indoor PM mass and particle number concentrations (PNCs), quantify infiltration of outdoor PM into the indoor environment, and investigate potential predictors of concentrations and infiltration in 96 homes in the northwestern US and Alaska using wood stoves as the primary source of heating. During two forty-eight hour sampling periods during the pre-intervention winter of a randomized trial, we assessed PM mass (< 2.5 μm) and PNCs (particles/cm3) in six size fractions (0.30–0.49, 0.50–0.99, 1.00–2.49, 2.5–5.0, 5.0–10.0, 10.0+ μm). Daily mean (sd) PM2.5 concentrations were 28.8 (28.5) μg/m3 during the first sampling period and 29.1 (30.1) μg/m3 during the second period. In repeated measures analyses, household income was inversely associated with PM2.5 and smaller size fraction PNCs, in particular. Time of day was a significant predictor of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations, and infiltration efficiency was relatively low (Finf (sd) = 0.27 (0.20)). Our findings demonstrate relatively high mean PM concentrations in these wood burning homes and suggest potential targets for interventions for improving indoor air quality and health in rural settings.
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