Geometric and seabed parameter estimation using a vector sensor array — Experimental results from Makai experiment 2005
Geometric and seabed parameter estimation using a vector sensor array — Experimental results from Makai experiment 2005
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DOI：
10.1109/oceans-spain.2011.6003617
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发表时间：
2011-06
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Santos;José João;O. Rodríguez;P. Felisberto;S. Jesus
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作者：
P. Santos;José João;O. Rodríguez;P. Felisberto;S. Jesus
矢量传感器由一个全向压力传感器和三个速度计组成，速度计在特定方向- x，v或z上敏感。由于矢量传感器能够测量三个粒子速度方向分量，因此其充当空间滤波器，并且因此在三维到达方向（DOA）估计中是有利的。波达方向估计中获得的潜在增益可以扩展到其他几何参数，如源的范围和深度，以及海底参数。本文的目的是介绍MakaiEx'05实验期间收集的四元件垂直矢量传感器阵列（VSA）数据集的实验结果，用于几何（范围和深度）和海底地声参数估计（沉积物压缩速度，密度和压缩衰减）。参数估计问题是作为一个反演方法的基础上扩展的传统的压力只有Bartlett估计粒子速度。所开发的基于VSA的Bartlett估计器通过方向性因子与仅压力Bartlett估计器响应成比例，当与仅压力响应相比时，提供改进的旁瓣减小或甚至抑制。这种行为将被说明的几何和海底参数清楚地显示使用的优势，VSA水听器阵列。在声源定位中，VSA优于相同传感器数目的水听器阵列。此外，当VSA Bartlett估计器应用于海底参数估计时，将显示这些参数的估计分辨率显著增加，即使对于密度和压缩衰减，使用水听器阵列难以估计的参数。
A vector sensor is constituted by one omni directional pressure sensor and three velocity-meters that are sensitive in a specific direction - x, v or z. Since a vector sensor is able to measure the three particle velocity directional components it acts as a spatial filter and therefore is advantageous in three dimensional direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. The potential gain obtained in DOA estimation can be extended to other geometric parameters such as source range and depth, as well as seabed parameters. The objective of this paper is to present experimental results of a four element vertical vector sensor array (VSA) data set collected during MakaiEx'05 experiment for geometric (range and depth) and seabed geoacoustic parameter estimation (sediment compressional speed, density and compressional attenuation). The parameter estimation problem is posed as an inversion method based on an extension of the conventional pressure only Bartlett estimator to particle velocity. The developed VSA based Bartlett estimator is proportional to the pressure only Bartlett estimator response by a directivity factor, providing an improved side lobe reduction or even suppression when compared with the pressure only response. This behavior will be illustrated for geometric and seabed parameters clearly showing the advantages of the use of VSA over hydrophone arrays. In source localization the VSA outperforms an array of hydrophones of same number of sensors. Moreover, when the VSA Bartlett estimator is applied for seabed parameter estimation, it will be shown that the estimation resolution of these parameters increased significantly, even for density and compressional attenuation, parameters difficult to estimate using an array of hydrophones.