The Sociological Study of Mental Illness: A Critique and Synthesis of Four Perspectives

The Sociological Study of Mental Illness: A Critique and Synthesis of Four Perspectives
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精神疾病的社会学研究:四种视角的批判与综合

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发表时间:
2013
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通讯作者:
A. Horwitz
A. Horwitz
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作者:
A. Horwitz

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本章确定了思考精神障碍的社会学方式的两个维度。第一个问题是,研究是否解释了症状是如何在个体中出现的,以及对有症状的人的社会反应。第二个维度是精神症状是否被视为个人的属性或文化产品。这些维度的交叉点确定了关于精神障碍的四种思维方式。病因学风格将精神疾病视为一种个体状态,并寻找其社会原因。社会学心理学方法也将精神疾病视为个人的属性,但将症状视为文化产品。社会反应模型关注对这些症状的社会反应。最后,社会建构主义的研究探讨了精神障碍的社会定义是如何构建和使用的。本章讨论了这四种类型的精神障碍的社会学解释的性质,优势和弱点。
This chapter identifies two dimensions of sociological styles of thinking about mental disorder. The first is whether studies explain how symptoms emerge in individuals the social response to symptomatic persons. The second dimension is whether mental symptoms are viewed as properties of individuals or as cultural products. The intersection of these dimensions identifies four styles of thinking about mental disorder. The etiological style views mental illness as an individual state and searches for its social causes. The sociological psychology approach also conceives of mental illness as an attribute of individuals, but treats symptoms as cultural products. The social response model concerns social reactions to these symptoms. Finally, social constructionist studies examine how social definitions of mental disorders are constructed and employed. The chapter discusses the nature, strengths, and weaknesses of these four styles of sociological explanation of mental disorder.
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