Chemical Response of the Toxic Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi Against Grazing by Three Species of Zooplankton
Chemical Response of the Toxic Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi Against Grazing by Three Species of Zooplankton
复制标题
有毒甲藻 Karenia mikimotoi 对三种浮游动物放牧的化学反应
DOI：
10.1111/jeu.12201
复制
发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Liu, Jie-Sheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dang, Lin-Xi;Li, Yue;Liu, Jie-Sheng
研究了米氏凯伦藻对蒙古裸腹裸腹蚤（Moina mongolica）、安氏拟镖水蚤（Pseudodiaptomus annandalei）和卤虫（Artemia salina）3种模式食草动物的毒性，探讨了米氏凯伦藻对浮游动物摄食的化学响应。诱导实验表明，K. mikimotoi暴露于食草动物或来自混合文化的水生线索显示，K。Mikimotoi可能对这三种食草动物有毒或营养不足。一般来说，直接接触这三种食草动物会导致溶血毒素的产生和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）的合成。EPA和K. Mikimotoi降低了三种食草动物的存活率。此外，M. mongolica、P.annandalei和A.在诱导K.结果表明，在一定的放牧条件下，不同放牧时间下的米氏田鼠的生长速率均低于新鲜K. mikimotoi，表明暴露于某些食草动物可能会增加K.御木本。化学反应和相关的增加进一步放牧的阻力表明，K。mikimotoi可以产生威慑力，以防止浮游动物的放牧，负责的物质可能是溶血毒素和EPA。
We investigated the toxicity of Karenia mikimotoi toward three model grazers, the cladoceran Moina mongolica, the copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei, and the crustacean Artemia salina, and explored its chemical response upon zooplankton grazing. An induction experiment, where K. mikimotoi was exposed to grazers or waterborne cues from the mixed cultures revealed that K. mikimotoi might be toxic or nutritionally inadequate toward the three grazers. In general, direct exposure to the three grazers induced the production of hemolytic toxins and the synthesis of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Both EPA and the hemolytic toxins from K. mikimotoi decreased the survival rate of the three grazers. In addition, the survival rates of M. mongolica, P. annandalei, and A. salina in the presence of induced K. mikimotoi that had previously been exposed to a certain grazer were lower than their counterparts caused by fresh K. mikimotoi, suggesting that exposure to some grazers might increase the toxicity of K. mikimotoi. The chemical response and associated increased resistance to further grazing suggested that K. mikimotoi could produce deterrents to protect against grazing by zooplankton and that the substances responsible might be hemolytic toxins and EPA.