Tissue damage by pulsed electrical stimulation
Tissue damage by pulsed electrical stimulation
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DOI：
10.1109/tbme.2007.908310
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Palanker, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butterwick, A.;Vankov, A.;Palanker, D.
重复脉冲电刺激用于多个神经界面；利用荧光法对鸡体内的绒毛膜allontoic membrane （CAM）和离体的鸡视网膜进行了研究，研究了脉冲持续时间、电极大小和脉冲数对刺激损伤的影响。通过在猪视网膜上重复一些测量，验证了鸡模型的数据。电极尺寸为100 μ m ~ 1 mm，脉冲持续时间为6 μ s ~ 6 ms，脉冲个数为1 ~ 7500。对于直径大于300 μ m的电极，损伤阈值电流密度与电极尺寸无关，对于直径小于200 μ m的电极，损伤阈值按1/r(2)缩放。随着脉冲数量从1增加到50，损伤阈值在CAM上下降了14倍，在视网膜上下降了7倍，在脉冲数量更多的情况下保持不变。大电极上的损伤阈值电流密度随脉冲持续时间的变化约为l/t(0.5)，具有电穿孔的特征。视网膜上重复暴露的阈值电流密度在6 ms时为0.061 A/cm(2)至6 μ s时为1.3 A/cm(2)之间变化。视网膜神经节细胞损伤阈值与刺激阈值的最高比率出现在脉冲持续时间接近时轴时（约1.3 ms）。
Repeated pulsed electrical stimulation is used in a multitude of neural interfaces; damage resulting from such stimulation was studied as a function of pulse duration, electrode size, and number of pulses using a fluorescent assay on chick chorioallontoic membrane (CAM) in vivo and chick retina in vitro. Data from the chick model were verified by repeating some measurements on porcine retina in-vitro. The electrode size varied from 100 mu m to 1 mm, pulse duration from 6 mu s to 6 ms, and the number of pulses from 1 to 7500. The threshold current density for damage was independent of electrode size for diameters greater than 300 mu m, and scaled as 1/r(2) for electrodes smaller than 200 mu m. Damage threshold decreased with the number of pulses, dropping by a factor of 14 on the CAM and 7 on the retina as the number of pulses increased from 1 to 50, and remained constant for a higher numbers of pulses. The damage threshold current density on large electrodes scaled with pulse duration as approximately l/t(0.5), characteristic of electroporation. The threshold current density for repeated exposure on the retina varied between 0.061 A/cm(2) at 6 ms to 1.3 A/cm(2) at 6 mu s. The highest ratio of the damage threshold to the stimulation threshold in retinal ganglion cells occurred at pulse durations near chronaxie-around 1.3 ms.