Stressful life events and genetic liability to major depression: Genetic control of exposure to the environment
Stressful life events and genetic liability to major depression: Genetic control of exposure to the environment
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291797004716
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
KarkowskiShuman, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kendler, KS;KarkowskiShuman, L
背景。尽管大量证据表明，遗传和环境风险因素都对重度抑郁症（MD）的病因有影响，但我们对这两种风险因素之间的相互关系知之甚少。特别是，MD的遗传倾向会增加经历应激性生活事件（SLEs）的风险吗？方法。通过对2164名女性双胞胎群体样本进行离散时间生存分析，我们检验了9名个体和3名集体网络SLEs的风险是否可以通过MD遗传倾向性水平来预测，并以同卵和异卵双胞胎的MD终生病史为指标。MD的遗传倾向与6种个人SLE（攻击、严重婚姻问题、离婚/分手、失业、严重疾病和重大财务问题）和1种网络SLE（与亲戚/朋友相处困难）的风险显著增加相关。这种影响不是由于抑郁发作期间发生的SLEs。使用结构方程双生模型发现了类似的结果。与MD观察到的模式相反，酗酒的遗传倾向会影响被抢劫和法律问题的风险。在女性中，MD的遗传风险因素增加了在人际关系和职业/财务领域经历SLEs的可能性。基因可能通过使个体选择高风险环境来影响患精神疾病的风险。
Background. Although overwhelming evidence suggests that genetic and environmental risk factors both contribute to the aetiology of major depression (MD), we know little of how these two risk factor domains inter-relate. In particular, can the genetic liability to MD increase the risk of experiencing stressful life events (SLEs)?Methods. Using discrete time survival analysis in a population-based sample of 2164 female twins, we examined whether the risks for nine personal and three aggregate network SLEs were predicted by the level of genetic liability to MD, indexed by the lifetime history of MD in monozygotic and dizygotic co-twins.Results. Genetic liability to MD was associated with a significantly increased risk for six personal SLEs (assault, serious marital problems, divorce/breakup, job loss, serious illness and major financial problems) and one network SLE (trouble getting along with relatives/friends). This effect was not due to SLEs occurring during depressive episodes. Similar results were found using structural equation twin modelling. In contrast to the pattern observed with MD, the genetic liability to alcoholism impacted on the risk for being robbed and having trouble with the law.Conclusion. In women, genetic risk factors for MD increase the probability of experiencing SLEs in the interpersonal and occupational/financial domains. Genes can probably impact on the risk for psychiatric illness by causing individuals to select themselves into high risk environments.