Sharing the cell's bounty - organelle inheritance in yeast
Sharing the cell's bounty - organelle inheritance in yeast
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DOI：
10.1242/jcs.151423
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发表时间：
2015-02-15
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Rachubinski, Richard A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knoblach, Barbara;Rachubinski, Richard A.
真核细胞在胞质分裂时复制并在母细胞和子细胞之间分配其细胞器。极化细胞，特别是芽殖酵母酿酒酵母，非常适合细胞器遗传的研究，因为它们有助于细胞器运输和保留过程的实验解剖。在定义参与酵母细胞器分配的分子参与者方面已经取得了很大进展。每个细胞器都使用一组不同的因子——运动蛋白、锚定蛋白和衔接蛋白——以确保其能够被后代细胞遗传。我们认为所有细胞器，无论来源或拷贝数如何，都通过涉及分裂和分离的相同基本机制进行划分。因此，母细胞保留其公平合理的细胞器份额，而子细胞则接收其公平合理的细胞器份额。此外，这种分配机制有利于功能不等价的细胞器片段的分离。在这篇评论中，我们描述了这种细胞器数量控制原理如何影响过氧化物酶体和其他细胞器，并概述了它对酵母寿命和复兴的影响。
Eukaryotic cells replicate and partition their organelles between the mother cell and the daughter cell at cytokinesis. Polarized cells, notably the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are well suited for the study of organelle inheritance, as they facilitate an experimental dissection of organelle transport and retention processes. Much progress has been made in defining the molecular players involved in organelle partitioning in yeast. Each organelle uses a distinct set of factors - motor, anchor and adaptor proteins - that ensures its inheritance by future generations of cells. We propose that all organelles, regardless of origin or copy number, are partitioned by the same fundamental mechanism involving division and segregation. Thus, the mother cell keeps, and the daughter cell receives, their fair and equitable share of organelles. This mechanism of partitioning moreover facilitates the segregation of organelle fragments that are not functionally equivalent. In this Commentary, we describe how this principle of organelle population control affects peroxisomes and other organelles, and outline its implications for yeast life span and rejuvenation.