Mapping the shadow carceral state: Toward an institutionally capacious approach to punishment
Mapping the shadow carceral state: Toward an institutionally capacious approach to punishment
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DOI：
10.1177/1362480612442113
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Murakawa, Naomi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beckett, Katherine;Murakawa, Naomi
美国监狱国家的扩张伴随着我们所说的“影子监狱国家”的出现。在刑法和司法机构的范围之外，影子监狱国家通过机构兼并和法律的混杂来扩大刑罚权力，包括：（1）增加民事和行政途径监禁;（2）建立民事“替代”无效的刑事法规;（3）将刑法纳入行政法律的程序，以增强国家监狱权力。虽然法律的学说认为民事和行政制裁是“非惩罚”的，但我们呼吁对刑罚权和监狱国家有一个广泛的理解。
The expansion of the US carceral state has been accompanied by the emergence of what we call the 'shadow carceral state'. Operating beyond the confines of criminal law and justice institutions, the shadow carceral state expands penal power through institutional annexation and legal hybridity, including: (1) increased civil and administrative pathways to incarceration; (2) the creation of civil 'alternatives' to invalidated criminal statutes; and (3) the incorporation of criminal law into administrative legal processes in ways that enhance state carceral power. Although legal doctrine deems civil and administration sanctions to be 'not-punishment', we call for a broad understanding of penal power and the carceral state.