RAPID EVOLUTION OF ANIMAL MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA
RAPID EVOLUTION OF ANIMAL MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.76.4.1967
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
WILSON, AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BROWN, WM;GEORGE, M;WILSON, AC
从4种植物中提取线粒体DNA。高等灵长类动物（几内亚狒狒[Papio papio]、恒河猴、[Macaca mulatta]、长尾猴[Cercopithecus aethiops BSC-1肾细胞]和人[人宫颈癌HeLa株S3细胞]）的细胞，并用11种限制性内切酶消化。为每个物种的线粒体DNA构建了切割图。比较的地图，相对于DNA复制的起源和方向对齐，发现物种不同的切割位点。从每对物种共享的切割位点的分数计算这些位点处核苷酸序列的趋异程度。通过绘制线粒体DNA中的分歧程度对分歧时间的曲线，可以从曲线的初始斜率计算碱基替换率。将获得的值（每百万年0.02个取代/碱基对）与单拷贝核DNA的值进行比较。线粒体基因组的进化速率似乎超过核基因组的单拷贝部分的进化速率约10倍。这种高比率可能部分归因于线粒体DNA突变率的升高。由于进化的高速率，线粒体DNA可能是一种非常有用的分子，可用于进化过程的高分辨率分析。
Mitochondrial DNA was purified from 4 spp. of higher primates (Guinea baboon [Papio papio], rhesus macaque, [Macaca mulatta], guenon [Cercopithecus aethiops BSC-1 kidney cell] and human [human cervical carcinoma HeLa strain S3 cell]) and digested with 11 restriction endonucleases. A cleavage map was constructed for the mitochondrial DNA of each species. Comparison of the maps, aligned with respect to the origin and direction of DNA replication, revealed that the species differed at most of the cleavage sites. The degree of divergence in nucleotide sequence at these sites was calculated from the fraction of cleavage sites shared by each pair of species. By plotting the degree of divergence in mitochondrial DNA against time of divergence, the rate of base substitution could be calculated from the initital slope of the curve. The value obtained, 0.02 substitutions/base pair per million years, was compared with the value for single-copy nuclear DNA. The rate of evolution of the mitochondrial genome appears to exceed that of the single-copy fraction of the nuclear genome by a factor of about 10. This high rate may be due, in part, to an elevated rate of mutation in mitochondrial DNA. Because of the high rate of evolution, mitochondrial DNA is likely to be an extremely useful molecule to employ for high-resolution analysis of the evolutionary process.