Gender and Health: Beyond Binary Categorical Measurement
Gender and Health: Beyond Binary Categorical Measurement
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/0022146519825749
复制
发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Westbrook, Laurel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hart, Chloe Grace;Saperstein, Aliya;Westbrook, Laurel
这项研究利用了美国一项全国性在线调查(N=1,508)中的多种性别衡量标准，以更好地评估性别与自我评估的健康之间的关系。与将女性行为与健康联系在一起的研究以及将男性行为与健康不良联系在一起的研究相反，我们发现，对于顺性男性来说，男性气概与更好的自我评估健康有关，而对于顺性女性来说，女性气质与更好的自我评估健康相关。无论是考虑自我认同，还是人们感觉他人如何看待自己的性别，这种模式都是相似的，尽管反映出来的评估与顺性女性的健康关系最大。我们还发现，报告自己被视为性别不一致的人报告健康状况较差，但只有当这种看法与他们的性别认同不匹配时才会如此。我们的结果表明，对性别的多重衡量使研究人员能够理清健康不仅是由性别法规塑造的，也是如何塑造对性别和性别差异的看法的。
This study leverages multiple measures of gender from a US national online survey (N = 1,508) to better assess how gender is related to self-rated health. In contrast to research linking feminine behaviors with good health and masculine behaviors with poor health, we find that masculinity is associated with better self-rated health for cisgender men, whereas femininity is associated with better self-rated health for cisgender women. The patterns are similar whether we consider self-identification or how people feel others perceive their gender, though reflected appraisals are most strongly associated with health for cisgender women. We also find that people who report they are seen as gender nonconforming report worse health, but only when this perception does not match their gender identification. Our results demonstrate that multiple measures of gender allow researchers to disentangle how health is not only shaped by gender enactments but also shapes perceptions of gender and gender difference.