Abstention in the general population of the U.S.A.
Abstention in the general population of the U.S.A.
复制标题
美国普通民众弃权
DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.1986.tb00300.x
复制
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hilton,ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hilton,ME
对1979年美国一般人口调查的数据进行了分析，并与1964年类似调查的数据进行了比较。15年期间的趋势比较显示，各种人口统计学类别的预防率变化不大。没有证据表明男女戒烟率之间的差异缩小了，更有节制的老一代被不那么节制的年轻一代所取代，戒烟率出现了区域趋同，或者宗教对戒烟的影响下降了。一个集群分析的原因，戒酒（终身戒酒者）确定了四套原因：道德反对饮酒，不喜欢饮酒的后果，“无关紧要”的原因，和禁欲的家庭背景。与饮酒者相比，戒酒者在各种情境中一贯且显著地倾向于不赞成他人饮酒。在这些问题上，来自干旱地区的戒酒者和原教旨主义新教徒的戒酒者的战斗性更强。然而，战斗性与年龄或教育无关。以道德原因为戒断理由的终身戒酒者比不以道德原因为戒断理由的人更激进。
Data on abstention from a 1979 general population survey in the U.S.A. were analyzed and compared to data from a similar 1964 survey. Trend comparisons for the 15 year interval revealed few changes in abstention rates among various demographic categories. There was no evidence that the difference between male and female abstention rates has narrowed, that a more abstemious older generation is being replaced by a less abstemious younger generation, that there has been a regional convergence of abstention rates, or that the influence of religion on abstention has declined. A cluster analysis of reasons for abstaining (among lifelong abstainers) identified four sets of reasons: moral objection to drinking, dislike of the consequences of drinking, ‘inconsequential’ reasons, and abstinent family background. Compared to drinkers, abstainers consistently and significantly tended to disapprove of drinking by others in a variety of situational contexts. Militancy on these issues was stronger among abstainers from dry regions and among abstainers who were fundamentalist Protestants. Militancy was not, however, related to age or education. Lifelong abstainers who cited moral reasons for abstaining were more militant than those who did not.