Factors affecting the turnover of novice nurses at university hospitals: a two year longitudinal study.
Factors affecting the turnover of novice nurses at university hospitals: a two year longitudinal study.
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影响大学医院新手护士流动的因素：一项为期两年的纵向研究。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1742-7924.2008.00095.x
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chifumi Sato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eiko Suzuki;Ichiro Itomine;Miyuki Saito;Takeshi Katsuki;Chifumi Sato
目的
新护士的快速流动是导致护士短缺的重要因素之一。我们确定的因素，影响营业额的新护士在2年的研究期间。
方法
受试者包括20所大学医院的1023名新护士，他们同意参加这项研究。我们在2003年6月开始了一项队列研究，从923名护士中获得了有效的回复，并在2003年12月、2004年6月和2005年3月确认了他们的离职率。
结果
从2003年6月的基线，124名护士辞职，117名护士退休。通过逐步分析进行变量选择后，使用考克斯回归模型进行分析，发现缺乏同伴支持的护士的离职风险高出1.6倍，对工作稍不满意的护士高出2.2倍，对工作非常不满意的护士高出3.2倍。当检查的特点，缺乏支持的护士从他们的同行和那些不满意他们的工作，都倾向于倦怠和缺乏支持的高级护士或他们的主管。
结论
对于新护士来说，缺乏同伴的支持和对工作的不满意是影响其离职率的主要因素。由于资深护士及其主管的支持是重要的，而且职业倦怠很可能会影响离职率，因此建议为新护士准备一个良好的工作环境。
AIM
Novice nurses' rapid turnover is one of the big factors leading to the shortage of nurses. We identified the factors that affected the turnover of novice nurses in a 2 year study period.
METHODS
The subjects consisted of 1023 novice nurses at 20 university hospitals that gave consent to participate in the study. We began a cohort study in June 2003, obtained valid responses from 923 nurses, and confirmed their turnover in December 2003, June 2004, and March 2005.
RESULTS
From the baseline of June 2003, 124 nurses quit and 117 nurses retired in these 2 years. After conducting variable selection by stepwise analysis, an analysis using the Cox regression model found that the turnover risk was 1.6-fold higher in nurses lacking support from their peers, 2.2-fold higher in those nurses who were slightly dissatisfied with their job, and 3.2-fold higher in those nurses who were very dissatisfied with their job. When examining the characteristics of the nurses lacking support from their peers and of those dissatisfied with their job, both tended to burnout and lacked support from senior nurses or their supervisor.
CONCLUSION
For novice nurses, having no support from their peers and being dissatisfied with their job strongly affect their turnover. As the support from senior nurses and their supervisor are important and there is a high possibility that burnout can affect turnover, the importance of preparing a good job environment for novice nurses has been suggested.