Fruit‐feeding and activity patterns of mountain gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei ) in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda
Fruit‐feeding and activity patterns of mountain gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei ) in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda
复制标题
水果——乌干达布温迪难以穿越的国家公园山地大猩猩（Gorilla beringei beringei）的进食和活动模式
DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.24056
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Robbins, Martha M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ostrofsky, Kelly R.;Robbins, Martha M.
目的果实的可获得性是影响大猩猩觅食策略和活动模式变化的重要因素。本研究旨在量化在乌干达布温迪国家公园不同年龄性别的山地大猩猩中，节食对活动预算的影响。材料和方法利用4个习惯组6 年的观测数据计算每日水果摄取和活动预算的比例。结果布温迪山地大猩猩平均花费15%的取食时间消耗水果，月变化范围为0~70%。进食水果的次数越多，进食和旅行的时间越多，休息的时间越少。幼虫往往比成虫花更多的取食时间在水果上，但总体取食时间更少，旅行的时间更多。成年雌性大猩猩和雄性银背大猩猩在食果量和总摄食时间上没有显著差异，尽管它们的体型不同。讨论本研究证实了大猩猩是果食性的，只有维龙加山地大猩猩群体可以被描述为高度食叶。与其他食果类人猿一样，布温迪山地大猩猩会改变它们的活动模式，以应对饮食中不同数量的水果。更好地理解变化的生态条件如何在一个亚种内驱动多样性，对于理解生态学、体型和大猩猩觅食策略之间的关系具有重要意义。
ObjectivesAvailability of fruit is an important factor influencing variation in great ape foraging strategies and activity patterns. This study aims to quantify how frugivory influences activity budgets across age‐sex classes of mountain gorillas in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda.Materials and methodsDaily proportions of fruit‐feeding and activity budgets were calculated using 6 years of observational data on four habituated groups. We fitted generalized linear mixed models to test for age‐sex differences in the amount of fruit‐feeding, and to test whether these factors influence the proportion of time spent feeding, resting, and traveling.ResultsBwindi mountain gorillas spent on average 15% of feeding time consuming fruit, with monthly variation ranging from 0 to 70%. Greater amounts of fruit‐feeding were associated with more time feeding and traveling, and less time resting. Immatures tended to spend more feeding time on fruit than adults, but less overall time feeding and more time traveling. There were no significant differences in the amount of fruit‐feeding and overall feeding time between adult females and silverback males, despite differences in body size.DiscussionThis study confirms that gorillas are frugivorous, and only the Virunga mountain gorilla population can be characterized as highly folivorous. Along with other frugivorous great apes, Bwindi mountain gorillas alter their activity patterns in response to varying amounts of fruit in their diet. A better understanding of how variable ecological conditions can drive diversity even within a subspecies has important implications for understanding relationships between ecology, body size, and foraging strategies in great apes.