When heads are not homologous: the coronae of larval and adult collothecid rotifers (Rotifera: Monogononta: Collothecaceae)

When heads are not homologous: the coronae of larval and adult collothecid rotifers (Rotifera: Monogononta: Collothecaceae)
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当头部不同时:胶壳轮虫幼虫和成体的冠(轮虫纲:Monogononta:胶壳科)

DOI:
10.1007/s10750-018-3760-3
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Wallace, Robert L.
Wallace, Robert L.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hochberg, Rick;Yang, Hui;Hochberg, Adele;Walsh, Elizabeth J.;Wallace, Robert L.

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轮虫是一种种类丰富的水生微后生动物,它们依靠有纤毛的顶端(冠端)运动和觅食。轮虫幼虫在定居后会经历一个复杂的蜕变过程,在这个过程中,它们的冠被一个不寻常的杯子状的头所取代,这个头专门用于捕获食物。这个新的头,被称为infundibulum,由形态上的精致组成,如裂片或触手,在幼虫期早熟发育;在成年动物中,它们的功能是伏击和坐等捕食。在这里,我们通过明视显微镜和透射电镜提供的证据表明,胶腹轮虫的肛门来自幼虫的前肠,而不是幼虫的冠,这表明成年胶腹轮虫的头部是一种形态上的新奇,因此与传统定义的轮虫冠不是同源的。漏斗状轮虫的多种形态表明,最大化觅食的选择可能推动了这些无柄物种头部形态的进化,并且未来对胶体轮虫的研究应该考虑漏斗状轮虫是一种独特的食物收集装置,在进化上与轮虫冠不同。
Rotifers are diverse and abundant aquatic micrometazoans that rely on their ciliated apical end (corona) for locomotion and feeding. In order Collothecaceae, which includes mostly sessile species, larval rotifers go through a complex metamorphosis after settlement wherein they replace their corona with an unusual cup-shaped head that functions exclusively in food capture. This new head, called the infundibulum, consists of morphological elaborations such as lobes or tentacles that develop precociously in the larval stage; in adults they function in ambush and sit-and-wait predation. Here, we provide evidence from brightfield and transmission electron microscopy that the infundibulum of collothecid rotifers is derived from the larval foregut and not the larval corona, suggesting that the adult head of collothecids is a morphological novelty and therefore not homologous with the rotifer corona as classically defined. The wide variety of morphologies of the infundibulum suggests that selection to maximize foraging may have driven the evolution of head form in these sessile species, and that future studies of collothecid rotifers should consider the infundibulum as a unique form of food-collection device that is evolutionarily distinct from the rotifer corona.
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