Affect, emotional disorder, and future-directed thinking
Affect, emotional disorder, and future-directed thinking
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DOI：
10.1080/026999396380394
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Valentine, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacLeod, AK;Byrne, A;Valentine, JD
有人认为，情感可以分为两个更高层次的维度，即积极情感(PA)和消极情感(NA)(Watson，L.A.Clark，&TelLegen，1988)。这一框架被用来分析抑郁和焦虑，并与Gray(1987)和其他人(L.A.Clark，Watson，&Mineka，1994)概述的厌恶和渴望动机系统的描述相结合。本研究试图将这一框架扩展到包括面向未来的思维模式。报道了两项研究，其中学生样本完成了PA和NA，抑郁和焦虑，绝望和担忧，以及积极和消极期望的测量。因子分析揭示了两个明显的因素。第一个因素有来自NA、焦虑、担忧、消极期望和抑郁的负荷；较小的第二个因素有来自PA和积极预期的负荷，以及来自无望酸性抑郁的负负荷。这些结果支持存在两个基本的认知-情感系统，它们也跨越生物、行为和动机水平。
Affect, it has been argued, can be divided into two higher order dimensions of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) (Watson, L.A. Clark, & Tellegen, 1988). This framework has been used to provide an analysis of depression and anxiety, and has also been integrated with the account of aversive and appetitive motivational systems outlined by Gray (1987) and others (L.A. Clark, Watson, & Mineka, 1994). The present studies represent an attempt to extend this framework to include patterns of future-directed thinking. Two studies are reported in which a sample of students completed measures of PA and NA, depression and anxiety, hopelessness and worry, and positive and negative expectancies. Factor analysis revealed two clear factors. The first factor had loadings from NA, anxiety, worry, negative expectancies, and depression; the smaller second factor had loadings from PA and positive expectancies, and negative loadings from hopelessness acid depression. The results support the existence of two basic cognitive-affective systems that also span biological, behavioural, and motivational levels.