Linking intestinal homeostasis and liver disease.
Linking intestinal homeostasis and liver disease.
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DOI：
10.1097/mog.0b013e32835ff948
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发表时间：
2013-05
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Schnabl B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schnabl B
肠道微生物群与宿主的相互作用对健康和疾病都很重要。微生物易位释放细菌产物，这些细菌产物通过促进肝脏损伤和炎症在慢性肝病的进展中发挥关键作用。虽然这一点很早就被认识到了，但我们才刚刚开始了解肠道渗漏的情况，并发现促进肝脏疾病的细菌代谢物。在这篇综述中，我们将总结过去两年的最新发现。慢性肝病与微生物群的改变有关，有质的(生物失调)和量的(过度生长)差异。这可以看作是微生物区系与寄主之间共生关系的丧失。肠道内环境的不平衡会导致肠道屏障的破坏和随后的微生物移位。然而，肠道菌群的贡献不只是简单的微生物易位作为致病因素。体内平衡失衡和生物失调导致的细菌代谢产物在肝脏疾病中也起着至关重要的作用。引发肝脏损伤和肠道-宿主共生障碍之间的组合在肝脏疾病的进展中起协同作用。
Interactions of the gut microbiome with the host are important in health and disease. Microbial translocation releases bacterial products that play a key role in progression of chronic liver disease by promoting hepatic injury and inflammation. Although this has long been recognized, we are just beginning to understand the circumstances under which the gut becomes leaky and to discover bacterial metabolites that promote liver disease. In this review we will summarize recent findings from the last two years. Chronic liver disease is associated with an altered microbiome with both qualitative (dysbiosis) and quantitative (overgrowth) differences. This can be viewed as a loss of the symbiotic relationship between the microflora and the host. An imbalanced intestinal homeostasis results in a breach of the gut barrier and subsequent microbial translocation. However, the contribution of the intestinal microflora is beyond simple microbial translocation as pathogenic factor. Bacterial metabolites resulting from an imbalanced homeostasis and dysbiosis play also a crucial role in liver disease. A combination between an initiating liver insult and a disturbance of the gut – host symbiosis synergize in progression of liver disease.