MOTIVATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF RISK-TAKING BEHAVIOR
MOTIVATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF RISK-TAKING BEHAVIOR
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DOI：
10.1037/h0043445
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发表时间：
1957-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
ATKINSON, JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ATKINSON, JW
一个解释实现目标的动机和避免失败的动机如何影响行为的模型假设动机的强度是动机、期望和激励的乘法函数。当只呈现一个任务时，这说明了期望水平和性能水平。“它还假设成功的激励价值是从主观成功概率推断出的难度的正线性函数;失败的负激励价值...是难度的负线性函数。2.理论上的启示是：“当结果的不确定性最大时，绩效水平最高”，具有强烈的成就动机的人应该更喜欢立即的风险，而具有强烈的避免失败动机的人会更喜欢容易的任务或非常困难和风险的任务。实验结果被引用与赌博和社会流动的愿望研究的影响。22篇参考文献。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
A model explaining how the motive to achieve and the motive to avoid failure influences behavior assumes strength of motivation as being a multiplicative function of motive, expectancy, and incentive. This accounts for level of aspiration and also performance level when only one task is presented." It also assumes that the incentive value of success is a positive linear function of difficulty as inferred from the subjective probability of success; and negative incentive value of failure… to be a negative linear function of difficulty." 2 theoretical implications are" that performance level should be greatest when there is greatest uncertainty about outcome" and people with strong motive to achieve should prefer immediate risk whereas those with strong motive to avoid failure will prefer easy tasks or extremely difficult and risky tasks. Experimental results are cited with implications for research on gambling and social mobility aspirations. 22 references.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)