You may need the vagus nerve to understand pathophysiology and to treat diseases
You may need the vagus nerve to understand pathophysiology and to treat diseases
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你可能需要迷走神经来理解病理生理学并治疗疾病。
DOI：
10.1042/cs20110299
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Gidron, Yori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Couck, Marijke;Mravec, Boris;Gidron, Yori
导致各种疾病的不同病理生理机制和危险因素是否与一种共同途径的信号传递改变有关？本文为以下假设提供了证据：充足的迷走神经活动可通过常见的基本机制和临时危险因素降低重大疾病的风险。这些疾病包括心血管疾病、癌症、阿尔茨海默病和代谢综合征。导致此类疾病的三种基本机制是：局部氧化应激和 DNA 损伤、炎症反应和过度交感神经反应，所有这些都受到迷走神经活动的抑制。传出迷走神经活动可以通过源自心电图的 HRV（心率变异性）进行非侵入性测量，与所有三种基本机制、各种危险因素（例如糖尿病和血脂异常）以及更广泛的疾病呈负相关。最后，迷走神经活动被认为可以减轻危险因素对发生此类疾病的影响。通过提出重大疾病的综合神经生物学模型、识别有罹患此类疾病风险的人群并治疗患者，可以更有效地完成这些疾病。可以识别 HRV 较低的人，并随后通过迷走神经激活进行治疗，以可能预防或治疗此类疾病。这种提出的疾病范式可能具有重要的预防和治疗意义，其临床效果需要研究。
Can different pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors leading to various diseases be linked with altered transmission of signals by one common pathway? The present article provides evidence for the hypothesis that adequate vagal nerve activity reduces the risk of major diseases, via common basic mechanisms and interim risk factors. These diseases include cardiovascular disease, cancer, Alzheimer's disease and the metabolic syndrome. Three basic mechanisms contribute to such illnesses: local oxidative stress and DNA damage, inflammatory reactions and excessive sympathetic responses, all of which are inhibited by vagal nerve activity. Efferent vagal activity that can be non-invasively measured by HRV (heart rate variability), derived from an ECG, is inversely related to all three basic mechanisms, to various risk factors (e.g. diabetes and dyslipidaemia) and, more broadly, to the diseases as well. Finally, vagal activity is proposed to moderate the effects of risk factors on developing such illnesses. By proposing an integrative neurobiological model of major diseases, identifying people at risk for, and treating patients with, such diseases may be done more efficiently. People with low HRV may be identified and subsequently treated by vagus nerve activation to possibly prevent or treat such illnesses. This proposed disease paradigm may have important preventative and therapeutic implications, whose clinical effects need to be investigated.