Optimizing personalized normative feedback: The use of gender-specific referents
Optimizing personalized normative feedback: The use of gender-specific referents
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2007.68.228
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Neighbors, Clayton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewis, Melissa A.;Neighbors, Clayton
目标：许多简短的干预措施包括使用特定性别或中性参照物的个性化规范反馈（PNF）。一些理论表明，与社会上较远的参照物相比，与社会上较接近的参照物有关的信息应该对一个人的行为产生更大的影响。目前的研究评估了 PNF 中所采用的规范参照物的性别特异性是否与干预效果相关。方法：在基线评估后，185 名大学生（45.2% 为女性）被随机分配到三种干预条件之一：针对性别的反馈、中性反馈或仅评估对照。在完成对感知规范、饮酒量和性别认同的测量后，立即向处于性别中立和特定性别干预条件下的参与者提供计算机化信息，详细说明他们自己的饮酒行为、他们对学生饮酒的看法以及学生实际饮酒情况。结果：经过 1 个月的随访，结果表明规范反馈对于改变认知规范和减少男性和女性干预组的饮酒量均有效。然而，结果支持了感知性别特定规范的变化，作为规范反馈对减少女性饮酒行为的影响的中介。此外，发现相对于中性反馈，针对性别认同较高的女性更有效。为评估潜在需求特征而进行的评估后跟踪电话调查证实了干预效果。结论：结果扩展了之前记录计算机传输 PNF 功效的研究。性别特异性和性别认同似乎是女性 PNF 干预功效需要考虑的重要因素。
Objective: Many brief interventions include personalized normative feedback (PNF) using gender-specific or gender-neutral referents. Several theories suggest that information pertaining to more socially proximal referents should have greater influence on one's behavior compared with more socially distal referents. The current research evaluated whether gender specificity of the normative referent employed in PNF related to intervention efficacy. Method: Following baseline assessment, 185 college students (45.2% women) were randomly assigned to one of three intervention conditions: gender-specific feedback, gender-neutral feedback, or assessment-only control. Immediately after completing measures of perceived norms, alcohol consumption, and gender identity, participants in the gender-neutral and gender-specific intervention conditions were provided with computerized information detailing their own drinking behavior, their perceptions of student drinking, and actual student drinking. Results: After a 1-month follow-up, the results indicated that normative feedback was effective in changing perceived norms and reducing alcohol consumption for both intervention groups for women and men. The results provide support, however, for changes in perceived gender-specific norms as a mediator of the effects of normative feedback on reduced drinking behavior for women only. Additionally, gender-specific feedback was found to be more effective for women higher in gender identity relative to the gender-neutral feedback. A post-assessment follow-up telephone survey administered to assess potential demand characteristics corroborated the intervention effects. Conclusions: Results extend previous research documenting efficacy of computer delivered PNF Gender specificity and gender identity appear to be important elements to consider for PNF intervention efficacy for women.