Back to Bentham? - Explorations of experienced utility
Back to Bentham? - Explorations of experienced utility
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DOI：
10.1162/003355397555235
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
Sarin, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kahneman, D;Wakker, PP;Sarin, R
区分了“效用”的两个核心含义。“决策效用”是决策结果的权重。“经验效用”是享乐性质，就像边沁的用法一样。经验效用可以在真实的时间（即时效用）或过去事件的回顾性评估（记忆效用）中报告。心理学研究已经证明了回顾性评估中的系统性错误，这可能会导致对劣势选项的偏好。我们提出了一个正式的规范理论的总经验效用的时间延长的结果。测量结果的经验效用允许效用最大化的测试，并开辟了其他的经验研究路线。
Two core meanings of ''utility'' are distinguished. ''Decision utility'' is the weight of an outcome in a decision. ''Experienced utility'' is hedonic quality, as in Bentham's usage. Experienced utility can be reported in real time (instant utility), or in retrospective evaluations of past episodes (remembered utility). Psychological research has documented systematic errors in retrospective evaluations, which can induce a preference for dominated options. We propose a formal normative theory of the total experienced utility of temporally extended outcomes. Measuring the experienced utility of outcomes permits tests of utility maximization and opens other lines of empirical research.