A national survey of managed honey bee 2011–12 winter colony losses in the United States: results from the Bee Informed Partnership
A national survey of managed honey bee 2011–12 winter colony losses in the United States: results from the Bee Informed Partnership
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DOI：
10.3896/ibra.1.52.2.07
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发表时间：
2013-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Angela M. Spleen;E. Lengerich;Karen Rennich;D. Caron;R. Rose;J. Pettis;Mark Henson;James T. Wilkes;Michael E. Wilson;Jennie Stitzinger;Kathleen Lee;Michel Andrée;Robert Snyder;D. vanEngelsdorp
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文献类型：
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作者：
Angela M. Spleen;E. Lengerich;Karen Rennich;D. Caron;R. Rose;J. Pettis;Mark Henson;James T. Wilkes;Michael E. Wilson;Jennie Stitzinger;Kathleen Lee;Michel Andrée;Robert Snyder;D. vanEngelsdorp
对管理蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）群体冬季损失的估计是蜜蜂健康和生产力的重要衡量标准。我们使用了来自5，500名美国养蜂人（5，244名后院养蜂人，189名副业养蜂人和67名商业养蜂人）的数据，这些养蜂人对2012年4月Bee Informed Partnership冬季蜂群损失调查做出了回应，并将损失计算为2011年10月1日至2012年4月1日之间的蜂群数量差异，调整了该期间的增加和减少。在美国，2011-12年冬季的总蜂群损失为22.5%; 45.1%（n = 2，482）的受访者报告没有蜂群损失。2011-12年度的总亏损额大大低于2010-11年度的亏损额（29.9%）。在2010-11年度和2011-12年度饲养蜜蜂的4，484名受访者中，72.0%的人表示2011-12年度的损失小于或类似于2010-11年度的损失。各州的总损失差异很大（范围为6.2%至47.7%）。每次养蜂操作的平均损失为25.4%，但平均损失没有显着不同的操作类型（后院，副业，商业）。每个受访者自我报告的平均可接受损失为13.7%; 46.8%（n = 2，259）的受访者经历了超过平均可接受损失的冬季蜂群损失。在2011年至2012年期间报告至少失去一个蜂群的养蜂人中，自我认定的主要死亡原因是秋季虚弱和蜂王失败。受访者表示，冬季条件差，CCD，或农药作为死亡的主要原因遭受了较高的平均损失相比，养蜂人谁没有列出这些作为潜在的原因。
Summary Estimates of winter loss for managed honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies are an important measure of honey bee health and productivity. We used data from 5,500 US beekeepers (5,244 backyard, 189 sideline and 67 commercial beekeepers) who responded to the April 2012 Bee Informed Partnership Winter Colony Loss Survey and calculated loss as the difference in the number of colonies between October 1, 2011 and April 1, 2012, adjusting for increases and decreases over that period. In the US, the total colony loss was 22.5% for the 2011–12 winter; 45.1% (n = 2,482) of respondents reported no colony loss. Total loss during 2011–12 was substantially lower than loss during 2010–11 (29.9%). Of the 4,484 respondents who kept bees in 2010–11 and 2011–12, 72.0% reported that the loss during 2011–12 was smaller or similar to the loss during 2010–11. There was substantial variation in total loss by state (range 6.2% to 47.7%). The average loss per beekeeping operation was 25.4%, but the average loss was not significantly different by operation type (backyard, sideline, commercial). The average self-reported acceptable loss per respondent was 13.7%; 46.8% (n = 2,259) of respondents experienced winter colony losses in excess of the average acceptable loss. Of beekeepers who reported losing at least one colony during 2011–12, the leading self-identified causes of mortality were weak condition in the fall and queen failure. Respondents who indicated poor wintering conditions, CCD, or pesticides as a leading cause of mortality suffered a higher average loss when compared to beekeepers who did not list these as potential causes.