Risk Assessment of Groundwater and its Application. Part I: Risk Grading Based on the Functional Zoning of Groundwater
Risk Assessment of Groundwater and its Application. Part I: Risk Grading Based on the Functional Zoning of Groundwater
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DOI：
10.1007/s11269-015-0964-4
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Fawen Li;Yong Zhao;P. Feng;Wei Zhang;Jiale Qiao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fawen Li;Yong Zhao;P. Feng;Wei Zhang;Jiale Qiao
地下水功能区划是地下水合理开发利用、科学管理和有效保护的基础。根据天津市地下水的分布、类型、水文地质条件和开采现状，同时考虑资源补给、生态环境维护和地质环境稳定，将浅层地下水功能分区划分为建成区非集中供水区、沼泽脆弱区、自然保护区脆弱区、地下水污染区和咸水区。将深层地下水划分为建成区非集中供水区、建成区集中供水区、地面沉降区、地下水污染区和咸水下降区。首先，根据不同地下水功能区划结果，选取影响地下水开发利用风险的主导因素，将其区分为自然因素和人为因素，建立了地下水开发利用风险评价指标体系。其次，根据浅层地下水和深层地下水的特点，分别建立了浅层地下水和深层地下水的风险评价体系，并采用层次分析法计算了各评价指标的权重。然后，根据这些指标属性和相应的权重，采用模糊综合评价法确定各单元的风险等级，并利用ArcGIS对评价结果进行空间分布，得到天津市不同地下水功能区各含水层的地下水风险等级图。最后，将各区边界叠加在这些地图上，确定了天津市各区的风险等级。基于地下水功能区划的地下水开发利用风险等级可为地下水管理提供科学依据，也可为确定地下水位提供方法。
The functional zoning of groundwater is the basis for the rational development and utilization, scientific management and effective protection of groundwater. Based on the distribution, type, hydrogeological condition and exploitation status of groundwater in Tianjin, and considering the resource supply, ecological environment maintenance and geological environment stability simultaneously, the function zoning of shallow groundwater has been divided into the non-central water supply area in built-up zones, the fragile marsh zones, the fragile nature reserve zones, the polluted groundwater zones and the salt water zones. And the deep groundwater has been divided into the non-central water supply area in built-up zones, the central supply area in built-up zones, the land subsidence zones, polluted groundwater zones and the salt water descending zones. Firstly, this paper selected dominant factors of groundwater development and utilization risk based on the different groundwater function zoning results, distinguished them into natural factors and human factors, and developed the risk assessment index systems. Secondly, the risk assessment systems for shallow and deep groundwater were built according to the characteristics of respective aquifers, and the weight of each evaluation index was calculated by AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. Then, each of the unit risk grade was determined by the method of fuzzy synthetic evaluation on basis of these index attributes and the corresponding weights, and results were distributed in space using ArcGIS to obtain the groundwater risk grade map of various aquifers in different groundwater function zones of Tianjin city. Finally, the risk grade in each district of Tianjin was determined by superimposing the district boundaries on these maps. Groundwater development and utilization risk grades based on the functional zoning of groundwater can provide a scientific basis for management of groundwater and a method for determining groundwater level.