Hepatitis E Virus: Animal Models and Zoonosis
Hepatitis E Virus: Animal Models and Zoonosis
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-animal-020518-115117
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Meng, Xiang-Jin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kenney, Scott P.;Meng, Xiang-Jin
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）是一种重要的人类病原体，历史上一直难以研究。有限的体外复制水平阻碍了我们对病毒生命周期的理解。散发和低水平的病毒脱落，缺乏标准化的检测方法，以及亚临床感染使动物模型的开发变得困难。更好的诊断技术和对病毒的了解提高了我们识别和描述适于模拟人类相关感染的动物毒株和动物的能力。这些进展正在转化为开发有用的HEV动物模型，以便现在可以研究与HEV感染相关的一些最大问题，包括宿主免疫学、慢性感染、严重妊娠死亡率和肝外表现。这些动物模型的持续发展将有助于理解与HEV感染相关的许多复杂问题，并有助于评估治疗和预防策略，以尽量减少HEV对人类造成的更大风险。
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important human pathogen that historically has been difficult to study. Limited levels of replication in vitro hindered our understanding of the viral life cycle. Sporadic and low-level virus shedding, lack of standardized detection methods, and subclinical infections made the development of animal models difficult. Better diagnostic techniques and understanding of the virus increased our ability to identify and characterize animal strains and animals that are amenable to model human-relevant infection. These advances are translating into the development of useful HEV animal models so that some of the greatest concerns associated with HEV infection, including host immunology, chronic infection, severe pregnancy mortality, and extrahepatic manifestations, can now be studied. Continued development of these animal models will be instrumental in understanding the many complex questions associated with HEV infection and for assessing therapeutics and prevention strategies to minimize HEV becoming a greater risk to the human population.