ACOUSTICS AND PERCEPTION OF OVERTONE SINGING
ACOUSTICS AND PERCEPTION OF OVERTONE SINGING
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DOI：
10.1121/1.403839
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发表时间：
1992-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
THOMASSEN, KP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BLOOTHOOFT, G;BRINGMANN, E;THOMASSEN, KP
泛音歌唱是一种起源于亚洲的技术，是一种特殊的声音产生方式，它产生一种非常明显的、高的、独立的音调，可以在或多或少持续的嗡嗡声中听到。本文对这一现象进行了声学分析，并用经典的语音产生理论对分析结果进行了描述。泛音可以解释为紧密间隔的共振峰相互作用的结果。对于较低的泛音，这些可能是第一个和第二个共振峰，由于从短的后o音转移到/a/的鼻音化发音而与较低的谐波分开，或者，作为一种选择，单独的第二个共振峰，由于围绕短后o音的鼻音化发音而与第一个共振峰分开。对于频率高于800赫兹的泛音，泛音可以解释为第二和第三共振的组合，这是由短的后o音通过弱读音到/y/和/i/的结果。结果表明，在泛音发声过程中，声门闭合牢固且相对较长。相应的短的声门打开持续时间引入了一个声门形成峰，可以增强预期泛音的振幅。感知实验表明，听者对泛音的分类与通常唱的元音不同，这可能是基于对泛音下共振的小带宽的独立感知。他们的言语判断与提出的语音解释一致。
Overtone singing, a technique of Asian origin, is a special type of voice production resulting in a very pronounced, high and separate tone that can be heard over a more or less constant drone. An acoustic analysis is presented of the phenomenon and the results are described in terms of the classical theory of speech production. The overtone sound may be interpreted as the result of an interaction of closely spaced formants. For the lower overtones, these may be the first and second formant, separated from the lower harmonics by a nasal pole-zero pair, as the result of a nasalized articulation shifting from a short back o sound to /a/, or, as an alternative, the second formant alone, separated from the first formant by the nasal pole-zero pair, again as the result of a nasalized articulation around a short back o sound. For overtones with a frequency higher than 800 Hz, the overtone sound can be explained as a combination of the second and third formant as the result of a careful, retroflex, and rounded articulation from a short back o sound, via schwa to /y/ and /i/ for the highest overtones. The results indicate a firm and relatively long closure of the glottis during overtone phonation. The corresponding short open duration of the glottis introduces a glottal formant that may enhance the amplitude of the intended overtone. Perception experiments showed that listeners categorized the overtone sounds differently from normally sung vowels, which possibly has its basis in an independent perception of the small bandwidth of the resonance underlying the overtone. Their verbal judgments were in agreement with the presented phonetic-acoustic explanation.