Type III Protein Secretion in Plant Pathogenic Bacteria
Type III Protein Secretion in Plant Pathogenic Bacteria
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.109.139089
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
He, Sheng Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Buettner, Daniela;He, Sheng Yang
许多革兰氏阴性植物和动物病原菌利用III型分泌系统(T3SS)来颠覆和定居各自的宿主生物。T3SS将效应蛋白直接注射到真核细胞的胞浆中，从而允许操纵宿主细胞的活动，从而有利于病原体。在植物病原细菌中，T3SS由hrp(用于超敏反应和致病)基因编码，之所以这样命名，是因为它们是细菌在感病植物中致病和在抗病植物中引发超敏反应所必需的(Lindgren等人，1986)。过敏性反应是感染部位的一种快速局部细胞死亡，它限制了细菌的繁殖，并由携带相应抗性基因的植物中的单个效应蛋白触发(Dangl和Jones，2001)。几乎所有主要的革兰氏阴性植物病原菌(如丁香假单胞菌、黄单胞菌、青枯拉尔斯氏菌和欧文氏菌)中都发现了hrp基因，这表明T3SS在调节不同的植物细菌相互作用中发挥了核心作用(Alfano和Collmer，2004；他等人，2004；Buttner和Bonas，2006)。在这次更新中，我们强调了一些基本的以及最近的实验，这些实验共同产生了对植物病原细菌中T3SS的一般原理和独特性质的分子见解。最近对影响感染期间HRP基因表达水平的环境条件进行了综述(Tang等人，2006年)，这里不再讨论。
Many gram-negative plant and animal pathogenic bacteria employ a type III secretion system (T3SS) to subvert and colonize their respective host organisms. The T3SS injects effector proteins directly into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells and thus allows the manipulation of host cellular activities to the benefit of the pathogen. In plant pathogenic bacteria, T3SSs are encoded by hrp (for hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) genes, which are so named because they are required for bacteria to cause disease in susceptible plants and to elicit the hypersensitive response in resistant plants (Lindgren et al., 1986). The hypersensitive response is a rapid local cell death at the infection site that restricts bacterial multiplication and is triggered by individual effector proteins in plants carrying a corresponding resistance gene (Dangl and Jones, 2001). hrp genes were found in almost all major gram-negative bacterial plant pathogens (eg Pseudomonas syringae, Xanthomonas spp., Ralstonia solanacearum, and Erwinia spp.), illustrating a central role of the T3SS in mediating diverse plantbacteria interactions (Alfano and Collmer, 2004; He et al., 2004; Buttner and Bonas, 2006). In this Update, we highlight some basic as well as recent experiments that have collectively yielded molecular insights into general principles and unique properties of T3SSs in plant pathogenic bacteria. Environmental conditions that influence the level of hrp gene expression during the infection have been reviewed recently (Tang et al., 2006) and will not be discussed here.