Effect of water redistribution by two distinct saprotrophic fungi on carbon mineralization and nitrogen translocation in dry soil
Effect of water redistribution by two distinct saprotrophic fungi on carbon mineralization and nitrogen translocation in dry soil
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.09.009
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Matzner, Egbert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guhr, Alexander;Marzini, Carlo;Matzner, Egbert
对于腐生真菌双孢菇，最近发现了未分化的菌丝体将水分从湿润的土壤中重新分配到干燥的土壤中。再分配的水分引发了干旱土壤中的碳(C)矿化。其他腐生型真菌物种及其菌丝网对土壤中HR的潜力尚不清楚。在这里，我们测试了菌丝绳形成物种裂殖酵母的HR潜力，将其与沙质土壤中的毛细水运输进行了比较，并在使用标记水(H-2)和标记有机底物(C-13，N-15)的干湿土壤隔室中评价了HR对碳矿化和酶活性的影响。此外，我们还测定了公社和双孢曲霉的菌丝体在土室之间的氮素转运。菌丝中再分配水的流速约为0.43 cm·min~(-1)，是双孢菌菌丝的1.5~2倍，表明绳索提高了真菌的HR。在贫瘠的沙质土壤中，再分配水量与毛细管运移相似。尽管有更大的HR潜力，但公社草在7d内仅略微增加了干燥土壤中的碳矿化和酶活性。双孢霉菌将氮素在菌丝网络内向湿润的土壤中重新分配。我们的结果表明，真菌菌丝有可能通过HR克服干湿土壤之间的毛细屏障，真菌HR对C矿化和N运输的影响与真菌种类的觅食策略和资源利用有关。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Hydraulic redistribution (HR) of water from wet to dry soil compartments by non-differentiated mycelium was recently shown for the saprotrophic fungus Agaricus bisporus. The redistributed water triggered the carbon (C) mineralization in the dry soil. The potential of other saprotrophic fungal species and their mycelia networks for HR in soils is unknown. Here, we tested the potential for HR of the mycelial cord forming species Schizophyllum commune, compared it to capillary water transport in a sandy soil and assessed the impact of HR on C mineralization and enzyme activities in mesocosm experiments with dry and wet soil compartments using labeled water (H-2) and labeled organic substrate (C-13, N-15). Further, we determined nitrogen (N) translocation between the soil compartments by the mycelium of S. commune and A. bisporus. The flow velocity of redistributed water in single hyphae of S. commune was about 0.43 cm min(-1) which is 1.5-2 times higher than in hyphae of A. bisporus, suggesting that cords enhance fungal HR. The amount of redistributed water was similar to capillary transport in the sterile sandy soil. Despite greater potential for HR, S. commune only slightly increased C mineralization and enzyme activity in the dry soil within 7 days. S. commune translocated N towards the organic substrate in the dry soil and used it for hyphal growth whereas A. bisporus redistributed N within the mycelial network towards the wet soil. Our results suggest that fungal hyphae have the potential to overcome capillary barriers between dry and wet soil compartments via HR and that the impact of fungal HR on C mineralization and N translocation is related to the foraging strategy and the resource usage of the fungus species. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.