Comparison of health and social characteristics of people leaving New York City jails by age, gender, and race/ethnicity: Implications for public health interventions
Comparison of health and social characteristics of people leaving New York City jails by age, gender, and race/ethnicity: Implications for public health interventions
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DOI：
10.1177/003335490712200605
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Murrill, Christopher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freudenberg, Nicholas;Moseley, Jeanne;Murrill, Christopher
目标.我们比较了健康和社会需求的性别，年龄和种族/民族的人离开纽约市监狱，并评估这些差异的影响，监狱重返项目的发展。1997年至2004年期间，对1 946人（536名男子、704名妇女和706名青少年男子）进行了调查。结构化问卷收集了有关人口统计、刑事司法、药物使用和健康特征的数据。进行双变量比较，以确定男性和女性，男性和男性青少年，和非拉丁裔黑人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔respondents.Results.大多数参与者是黑人和西班牙裔/拉丁美洲人，报告了高水平的物质使用，累犯率高，并经历了困难的生活环境。与男性相比，女性更有可能无家可归，使用非法药物，在指数逮捕时报告毒品指控，有健康问题，并成为父母。青少年男性比男性更有可能依靠非法活动获得收入，最近使用大麻和酒精，并且不太可能报告无家可归或健康问题。黑人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔受访者在性别和年龄组内的种族/种族差异小于这些群体之间的差异。监狱集中了有多方面健康和社会问题的个人，为风险人群提供了参与全面重返社会方案的机会。被监禁人口之间的性别、年龄和族裔/种族差异要求干预措施适合这些不同群体的具体需要。
Objectives. We compared health and social needs by gender, age, and race/ ethnicity of people leaving New York City jails and assessed the implication of these differences for the development of jail reentry programs.Methods. Surveys were completed with 1,946 individuals (536 men, 704 women, and 706 adolescent males) between 1997 and 2004. Structured questionnaires captured data on demographic, criminal justice, substance use, and health characteristics. Bivariate comparisons were performed to determine variations between men and women, men and male adolescents, and nonLatino black and Hispanic/Latino respondents.Results. The majority of participants were black and Hispanic/Latino, reported high levels of substance use, had high rates of recidivism, and experienced difficult living circumstances. Compared with Men, women were more likely to be homeless, use illicit drugs, report drug charges at index arrest, have health problems, and be parents. Adolescent males Were more likely than men to rely on illegal activities for income and to have used marijuana and alcohol recently, and were less likely to report homelessness or health problems. Ethnic/racial differences between black and Hispanic/Latino respondents within gender and age groups were smaller than differences among these groups.Conclusions. Jails concentrate individuals with multifaceted health and social problems, providing opportunities to engage at-risk populations in comprehensive reentry programs. Gender, age, and ethnic/racial differences among incarcerated populations require that interventions be tailored to the specific needs of these different groups.