An outbreak of Norwalk-like gastroenteritis associated with contaminated drinking water at a caravan park.
An outbreak of Norwalk-like gastroenteritis associated with contaminated drinking water at a caravan park.
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房车公园爆发了与诺沃克样胃肠炎有关的受污染饮用水。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Hunter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. McAnulty;G. Rubin;C. Carvan;E. Huntley;G. Grohmann;R. Hunter
1989年圣诞节期间，在新南威尔士州南部的一个大篷车公园逗留的人中爆发了大规模的胃肠炎。对当地医院记录的审查发现，12月29日至1月3日期间出现感染性腹泻的患者中，77%曾住在大篷车公园。在一项回溯性队列研究中，我们比较了接触不同水源的大篷车公园顾客的发病率。对粪便进行病原体检测，对恢复期血清进行病毒抗体检测。从大篷车公园采集的雨水和网状河水进行了细菌和病毒检测。在大篷车公园接受采访的351人中，305人(87%)报告了以腹泻、呕吐和腹痛为特征的疾病。在使用网状河水饮用或洗澡的196人中，175人(89%)患病，而不使用网状河水的72人中有47人(65%)患病(相对风险1.4，95%可信区间1.2至1.6)。这次暴发可能是由从一名病人的粪便中发现的一种27-28 nm的小圆形结构病毒引起的。网状河水中的高水平粪便大肠菌群和沉积物样本中的肠道病毒表明，疫情是由污水通过地下水箱正上方的管道裂缝污染网状河水引起的。为了防止此类疫情的爆发，应避免糟糕的水和排污系统布局，并应明确标记非饮用水。在可行的情况下，所有露营用水都应该来自城镇的补给。
During the 1989 Christmas holiday period, a large outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred among persons staying at a caravan park in southern New South Wales. Review of local hospital records found that 77 per cent of patients presenting with infective diarrhoea between 29 December and 3 January had stayed at the caravan park. In a retrospective cohort study we compared rates of illness among caravan park patrons exposed to different water sources. Stools were tested for pathogens and convalescent sera for viral antibodies. Rain and reticulated river water sampled from the caravan park were tested for bacteria and viruses. Of 351 persons interviewed at the caravan park, 305 (87 per cent) reported an illness characterised by diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Of 196 persons who used reticulated river water for drinking or ablutions, 175 (89 per cent) became ill compared with 47 of 72 persons (65 per cent) who did not use this water (relative risk 1.4, 95 per cent confidence interval 1.2 to 1.6). The outbreak was probably caused by a 27-28 nm small round structured virus found in the stool from one ill person. High levels of faecal coliforms in the reticulated river water and enterovirus in sediment samples suggest that the outbreak was caused by sewage contaminating the reticulated river water through a break in the pipe directly over the underground water tanks. To prevent such outbreaks, poor water and sewerage system layouts should be avoided and nonpotable water should be clearly labelled. Where feasible, all camping-ground water should stem from town supplies.