Waterpipe tobacco smoking: what is the evidence that it supports nicotine/tobacco dependence?
Waterpipe tobacco smoking: what is the evidence that it supports nicotine/tobacco dependence?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051910
复制
发表时间：
2015-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Eissenberg, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aboaziza, Eiman;Eissenberg, Thomas
目的水管式吸烟（WTS）是指烟草烟雾在吸入前通过水的过程，已在世界范围内蔓延。如果这种传播与烟草引起的疾病有关，并且如果WTS支持烟草/尼古丁依赖，则这种传播成为公共卫生问题。越来越多的文献表明，WTS与残疾，疾病和死亡有关。这篇叙述性综述研究了WTS是否支持尼古丁/烟草依赖，旨在帮助指导全球烟草控制工作。数据来源PUBMED搜索使用：（（“waterpipe”or“narghile”or“arghile”or“shisha”or“goza”or“narkeela”or“hookah”or“hubble bubble”））和研究选择排除非英文、无原始数据和与主题无关的文章。32篇文章被纳入，其他通过检查参考列表和其他来源确定。数据合成WTS和产生依赖的药物尼古丁的递送进行了检查，然后在多大程度上的文章明确解决WTS诱导尼古丁/依赖，以及隐含地参考WHO概述的依赖性标准。结论WTS支持尼古丁/烟草依赖是因为它与尼古丁的释放有关，而且因为一些吸烟者在戒水管时会经历戒断，为了使用水管而改变行为，即使有戒烟的动机，也很难戒烟。有强烈的需要支持调查测量WTS引起的烟草依赖的研究，告知公众WTS的风险，其中包括依赖，残疾，疾病和死亡，并将WTS纳入处理烟草卷烟的公共卫生政策中。
Objective Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) involves passing tobacco smoke through water prior to inhalation, and has spread worldwide. This spread becomes a public health concern if it is associated with tobacco-caused disease and if WTS supports tobacco/nicotine dependence. A growing literature demonstrates that WTS is associated with disability, disease and death. This narrative review examines if WTS supports nicotine/tobacco dependence, and is intended to help guide tobacco control efforts worldwide.Data sources PUBMED search using: (("waterpipe" or "narghile" or "arghile" or "shisha" or "goza" or "narkeela" or "hookah" or "hubble bubble")) AND ("dependence" or "addiction").Study selection Excluded were articles not in English, without original data, and that were not topic-related. Thirty-two articles were included with others identified by inspecting reference lists and other sources.Data synthesis WTS and the delivery of the dependence-producing drug nicotine were examined, and then the extent to which the articles addressed WTS-induced nicotine/dependence explicitly, as well as implicitly with reference to criteria for dependence outlined by the WHO.Conclusions WTS supports nicotine/tobacco dependence because it is associated with nicotine delivery, and because some smokers experience withdrawal when they abstain from waterpipe, alter their behaviour in order to access a waterpipe and have difficulty quitting, even when motivated to do so. There is a strong need to support research investigating measurement of WTS-induced tobacco dependence, to inform the public of the risks of WTS, which include dependence, disability, disease and death, and to include WTS in the same public health policies that address tobacco cigarettes.