Identification : A process of enculturation in the subhuman society ofMacaca fuscata
Identification : A process of enculturation in the subhuman society ofMacaca fuscata
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识别:猕猴亚人类社会的文化适应过程
DOI：
10.1007/bf01667196
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发表时间：
1957
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
K. Imanishi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Imanishi
在前面的论文*中，我以日本猴子的习得行为为例，每当猴子听到它所属的oikia的任何oikion发出警告叫声“kwan”时，就会逃跑（尽管通常不是由雌性而是由雄性发出）。我还认为，这种行为是通过观察和模仿母亲的态度而习得的，当猴子还是婴儿时，第一次听到警告叫声“关”。后来，当猴子，如果是雄性，到达青春期并观察到即将到来的危险时，他可能会呆在那里而不是逃跑，并向其他成员发出警告叫“关”，就好像这是他的社会角色一样。这种从消极行为到积极行为，或者从oikia主导行为到oikia主导行为的转变，也应该在他的发展过程中学习。
In the foregoing paper* I have taken as an example of the learned behavior of Japanese monkeys the behavior of running away whenever the monkey hears the warning cry'kwan'uttered by any oikion of the oikia to which it belongs (although it is usually uttered not by the female butby the male). I have also suggested that this behavior is learned by watching and imitating the mother's attitude when the monkey is still a baby, and hears the warning cry'kwan'for the first time.Later on when the monkey, if it is a male, reaches the adolescence and observes the coming danger, he may stay there instead of running away and utter himself the warning cry'kwan'for other members of the oikia as if it is his social role. This change from the negative behavior to the positive one, or from the oikion-directed behavior to the oikia-direeted one, should be also learned in the course of his development.