Cell type-specific changes in retinal ganglion cell function induced by rod death and cone reorganization in rats.
Cell type-specific changes in retinal ganglion cell function induced by rod death and cone reorganization in rats.
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00826.2016
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发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Wan-Qing Yu;N. Grzywacz;Eun-Jin Lee;G. Field
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wan-Qing Yu;N. Grzywacz;Eun-Jin Lee;G. Field
我们已经确定了视杆细胞死亡和视锥细胞重组对不同类型视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）的时空感受野（RFs）和自发活动的影响。我们比较了健康和视网膜色素变性（RP）模型大鼠（S334 ter-3）之间的RGC功能，此时几乎所有的视杆细胞都丢失了，但视锥细胞仍然存在。这使我们能够确定视杆细胞死亡对视锥细胞介导的视觉信号的影响，这是一个相关的时间点，因为RP的诊断经常发生在患者夜盲但白天视力持续的时候。杆死亡后，功能不同的RGC类型持续存在，这表明视觉输入的平行处理基本上保持不变。然而，视锥介导的反应的一些特性在RGC类型中普遍改变，例如延长的时间整合和减少的空间RF面积。其他性质以细胞类型特异性方式改变，例如时间RF形状（动力学），自发活动和方向选择性。这些观察结果确定了视杆细胞死亡后但视锥细胞丢失前视网膜功能重塑的程度。他们还指出了新的潜在挑战，以恢复正常的视力，通过更换失去的杆光感受器。新的和值得注意的这项研究提供了新的和治疗相关的见解，视网膜功能后杆死亡，但锥死亡之前。为了确定视网膜输出的变化，我们使用了一个大规模的多电极阵列，同时记录数百个视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）。这些大规模神经活动的记录显示，在所有杆死亡后，功能不同的RGC仍然存在。然而，这些RGC的感受野特性和自发活动以细胞类型特异性的方式改变。
We have determined the impact of rod death and cone reorganization on the spatiotemporal receptive fields (RFs) and spontaneous activity of distinct retinal ganglion cell (RGC) types. We compared RGC function between healthy and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) model rats (S334ter-3) at a time when nearly all rods were lost but cones remained. This allowed us to determine the impact of rod death on cone-mediated visual signaling, a relevant time point because the diagnosis of RP frequently occurs when patients are nightblind but daytime vision persists. Following rod death, functionally distinct RGC types persisted; this indicates that parallel processing of visual input remained largely intact. However, some properties of cone-mediated responses were altered ubiquitously across RGC types, such as prolonged temporal integration and reduced spatial RF area. Other properties changed in a cell type-specific manner, such as temporal RF shape (dynamics), spontaneous activity, and direction selectivity. These observations identify the extent of functional remodeling in the retina following rod death but before cone loss. They also indicate new potential challenges to restoring normal vision by replacing lost rod photoreceptors.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides novel and therapeutically relevant insights to retinal function following rod death but before cone death. To determine changes in retinal output, we used a large-scale multielectrode array to simultaneously record from hundreds of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). These recordings of large-scale neural activity revealed that following the death of all rods, functionally distinct RGCs remain. However, the receptive field properties and spontaneous activity of these RGCs are altered in a cell type-specific manner.